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CHAPTER XXVIII UP CHAPTER XXX CHAPTER XXIX An Epoch in Anne s Life 第29章 一生忘れられない思い出（松本訳） Anne was bringing the cows home from the back pasture by way of Lover s Lane. It was a September evening and all the gaps and clearings in the woods were brimmed up with ruby sunset light. Here and there the lane was splashed with it, but for the most part it was already quite shadowy beneath the maples, and the spaces under the firs were filled with a clear violet dusk like airy wine. The winds were out in their tops, and there is no sweeter music on earth than that which the wind makes in the fir trees at evening. The cows swung placidly down the lane, and Anne followed them dreamily, repeating aloud the battle canto from MARMION--which had also been part of their English course the preceding winter and which Miss Stacy had made them learn off by heart--and exulting in its rushing lines and the clash of spears in its imagery. 「MARMION」松本訳注第29章(1) p. 515参照 When she came to the lines The stubborn spearsmen still made good Their dark impenetrable wood, 「The stubborn spearsmen still made good／Their dark impenetrable wood,」 松本訳注第29章(2) p. 515参照 she stopped in ecstasy to shut her eyes that she might the better fancy herself one of that heroic ring. When she opened them again it was to behold Diana coming through the gate that led into the Barry field and looking so important that Anne instantly divined there was news to be told. But betray too eager curiosity she would not. "Isn t this evening just like a purple dream, Diana? It makes me so glad to be alive. In the mornings I always think the mornings are best; but when evening comes I think it s lovelier still." "It s a very fine evening," said Diana, "but oh, I have such news, Anne. Guess. You can have three guesses." 「Guess. You can have three guesses.」 動詞と名詞が同じなので、テンポがいい。話し心地、聞こえ心地もいいような気がします "Charlotte Gillis is going to be married in the church after all and Mrs. Allan wants us to decorate it," cried Anne. 「Charlotte Gillis」 初登場。でもここだけ。後にも先にも話題になっていません。シャーロットタウンに行く話の章なので、シャーロットさんに出てもらったのかしら。 "No. Charlotte s beau won t agree to that, because nobody ever has been married in the church yet, and he thinks it would seem too much like a funeral. 「because nobody ever has been married in the church yet, and he thinks it would seem too much like a funeral.」 松本訳注第29章(3) p. 516参照 It s too mean, because it would be such fun. Guess again." "Jane s mother is going to let her have a birthday party?" Diana shook her head, her black eyes dancing with merriment. "I can t think what it can be," said Anne in despair, "unless it s that Moody Spurgeon MacPherson saw you home from prayer meeting last night. Did he?" "I should think not," exclaimed Diana indignantly. "I wouldn t be likely to boast of it if he did, the horrid creature! I knew you couldn t guess it. Mother had a letter from Aunt Josephine today, and Aunt Josephine wants you and me to go to town next Tuesday and stop with her for the Exhibition. There!" 学校のはじまった9月の平日です。おおらかな時代でいいですよね 「Exhibition」 松本訳注第29章(4) p. 516参照 "Oh, Diana," whispered Anne, finding it necessary to lean up against a maple tree for support, "do you really mean it? But I m afraid Marilla won t let me go. She will say that she can t encourage gadding about. That was what she said last week when Jane invited me to go with them in their double-seated buggy to the American concert at the White Sands Hotel. 「double-seated buggy」二列がけの大型馬車（松本訳）。対面？二列とも前向き？どっちなんでしょう？ I wanted to go, but Marilla said I d be better at home learning my lessons and so would Jane. I was bitterly disappointed, Diana. I felt so heartbroken that I wouldn t say my prayers when I went to bed. But I repented of that 「I repented of that」のthatは前の文を指して、お祈りをせずに寝てしまったこと and got up in the middle of the night and said them." 「said them」のthemはprayers。この物語はよい意味で、キリスト教に忠実というか、はずれない、というか "I ll tell you," said Diana, "we ll get Mother to ask Marilla. She ll be more likely to let you go then; and if she does we ll have the time of our lives, Anne. I ve never been to an Exhibition, and it s so aggravating to hear the other girls talking about their trips. Jane and Ruby have been twice, and they re going this year again." "I m not going to think about it at all until I know whether I can go or not," said Anne resolutely. "If I did and then was disappointed, it would be more than I could bear. But in case I do go I m very glad my new coat will be ready by that time. Marilla didn t think I needed a new coat. She said my old one would do very well for another winter and that I ought to be satisfied with having a new dress. The dress is very pretty, Diana--navy blue and made so fashionably. 「fashionably」これは、ほぼpuffed sleevesと同じに違いありません Marilla always makes my dresses fashionably now, because she says she doesn t intend to have Matthew going to Mrs. Lynde to make them. I m so glad. It is ever so much easier to be good if your clothes are fashionable. At least, it is easier for me. I suppose it doesn t make such a difference to naturally good people. But Matthew said I must have a new coat, so Marilla bought a lovely piece of blue broadcloth, 「broadcloth」ブロード生地。英語版のウィキペディア http //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcloth には、Broadcloth is a dense woolen cloth.とありますので、毛織（ウール）の平織りで、コートにはよさそうです and it s being made by a real dressmaker over at Carmody. 「being made by a real dressmaker」dense woolen clothなら、厚い生地なので、手縫いはかなりつらいかもしれません。ミシンを持っている話はでてきていません。ダイアナの家にはセールスマンが来ることがあるようですが、ミシンがあるのかどうかまでは不明（She s going to give me a picture to put up in my room ...（略）...A sewing-machine agent gave it to her. CHAPTER XII A Solemn Vow and Promise）。デザインや技術もプロなら上手いでしょうけれども、マリラもコートくらいは作ってしまうのかもしれませんが 「over at Carmody」の over は遠い感じを表わす以上の意味はなさそう It s to be done Saturday night, and I m trying not to imagine myself walking up the church aisle on Sunday in my new suit and cap, because I m afraid it isn t right to imagine such things. But it just slips into my mind in spite of me. 「slips into my mind」いけないと思う（it isn t right to imagine such things）のに、すべり込んできてしまう My cap is so pretty. Matthew bought it for me the day we were over at Carmody. It is one of those little blue velvet ones that are all the rage, with gold cord and tassels. 「little blue velvet ones」ドレスはネイビーブルーでパフスリーブ（たぶん）、コートはブルー（生地はウールのブロードクロス）、帽子もブルー（ベルベット）。ドレスは特別な生地ではないでしょうから、あまり厚手ではない平織りか綾織りで光沢はない、濃い青。綾織りなら光沢は多少あるかも。コートも青だけれどもドレスより明るい色。きらきらした光沢はないけれども、ブロードクロスなので、少しきらっとするのではないでしょうか。帽子はビロードなので角度によって色が違って（濃い色と薄めの色と）見える。色白で赤毛のアンが着たら、確かにおしゃれ 「with gold cord and tassels」どこにどんなふうに金色のひもとふさがつくのでしょう？やっぱり縁かしら Your new hat is elegant, Diana, and so becoming. 「hat」なのでダイアナの帽子にはつばがある When I saw you come into church last Sunday my heart swelled with pride to think you were my dearest friend. Do you suppose it s wrong for us to think so much about our clothes? Marilla says it is very sinful. But it is such an interesting subject, isn t it?" Puffin Booksでは「is」が斜字体になって強調されています。女の子がお洋服が気になるのはふつうよ、アン Marilla agreed to let Anne go to town, and it was arranged that Mr. Barry should take the girls in on the following Tuesday. As Charlottetown was thirty miles away and Mr. Barry wished to go and return the same day, it was necessary to make a very early start. But Anne counted it all joy, and was up before sunrise on Tuesday morning. A glance from her window assured her that the day would be fine, for the eastern sky behind the firs of the Haunted Wood was all silvery and cloudless. Through the gap in the trees a light was shining in the western gable of Orchard Slope, a token that Diana was also up. Anne was dressed by the time Matthew had the fire on and had the breakfast ready when Marilla came down, but for her own part was much too excited to eat. After breakfast the jaunty new cap and jacket were donned, 「jacket」は、前にはcoatと言ってたものかと思われます and Anne hastened over the brook and up through the firs to Orchard Slope. Mr. Barry and Diana were waiting for her, and they were soon on the road. It was a long drive, but Anne and Diana enjoyed every minute of it. It was delightful to rattle along over the moist roads in the early red sunlight that was creeping across the shorn harvest fields. 「rattle」は、がたがた走る、という意味だけでなく、ぺらぺらしゃべるという意味もある。下で出てくるようにアンとダイアナはおしゃべりをし続けていたようなので、馬車だけでなく、ふたりのおしゃべりも示しているのかもしれません 「the shorn harvest fields」作物は何でしょう。小麦かしら。プリンス・エドワード島は涼しいので、小麦は春播きのはず。日本のように麦秋ではない The air was fresh and crisp, and little smoke-blue mists curled through the valleys and floated off from the hills. Sometimes the road went through woods where maples were beginning to hang out scarlet banners; sometimes it crossed rivers on bridges that made Anne s flesh cringe with the old, half-delightful fear; CHAPTER II Matthew Cuthbert Is Surprisedに橋を渡るとき目をつぶる話がでてきます 「flesh cringe with the old, half-delightful fear」 松本訳注第29章(5) p. 517参照 sometimes it wound along a harbor shore and passed by a little cluster of weather-gray fishing huts; again it mounted to hills whence a far sweep of curving upland or misty-blue sky could be seen; but wherever it went there was much of interest to discuss. It was almost noon when they reached town and found their way to "Beechwood." It was quite a fine old mansion, set back from the street in a seclusion of green elms and branching beeches. Miss Barry met them at the door with a twinkle in her sharp black eyes. "So you ve come to see me at last, you Anne-girl," she said. "Mercy, child, how you have grown! You re taller than I am, I declare. tallはこの物語の中で重要なもののひとつ。 アンは第4章でグリーン・ゲイブルズではじめて起きた朝、自分が背が高いコーデリアになっていることを I am tall and regal, clad in a gown of trailing white lace, with a pearl cross on my breast and pearls in my hair. と想像しています（11歳 CHAPTER VI Marilla Makes Up Her Mind）。ダイアナに会ったときも、アンのほうが1インチ背が高いことを I m an inch taller than Diana とマリラに話しています（11歳 CHAPTER XII A Solemn Vow and Promise）。しかし、この第29章では、ミス・バリーに You re taller than I am と言われても、アンは、I know I m not so freckled as I used to be ... I really hadn t dared to hope there was any other improvement. と答え、そばかすが減ったのに比べれば、背が伸びたことは、特別いいこととしては意識していません（13歳 CHAPTER XXIX An Epoch in Anne s Life）。15歳の秋には I ve grown two inches this summer, Marilla. とアンはマリラに話します（CHAPTER XXXI Where the Brook and River Meet）。 ステイシー先生のクリスマスの演芸会の後では、マリラが it makes Anne look so tall とマシューに感想を話すのですが（CHAPTER XXV Matthew Insists on Puffed Sleeves）、これは育てているマリラにすれば、大きくなってほしいということだけかもしれません。しかし、第31章ではマリラは、"Why, Anne, how you ve grown!" と自分よりも背が高くなったアンに驚きます（CHAPTER XXXI Where the Brook and River Meet）。そしてクリーン学院に進学するためアンがアヴォンリーから出ていくことになると、マリラにはアンが tall となったことが淋しさになってしまいます（you look so tall and stylish and so--so--different altogether in that dress--as if you didn t belong in Avonlea at all-- CHAPTER XXXIV A Queen s Girl）。卒業式のときにマシュウとマリラが見るアンは、a tall girl in pale green, with faintly flushed cheeks and starry eyes で（CHAPTER XXXVI The Glory and the Dream）、マシューと最後に話をするアンは tall and erect （CHAPTER XXXVI The Glory and the Dream）です。 背の高い人もでてきます。マリラがa tall, thin womanと紹介され（CHAPTER I Mrs. Rachel Lynde is Surprised）、ダイアナのお母さんのバリー夫人も背が高い（a tall black-eyed, black-haired woman CHAPTER XII A Solemn Vow and Promise）。そして、ギルバートははじめから背が高い少年としてアンの目の前に現れます（a tall boy, with curly brown hair, roguish hazel eyes, and a mouth twisted into a teasing smile アン 11歳 CHAPTER XV A Tempest in the School Teapot、the tall, brown-haired boy across the room アン 15歳 CHAPTER XXXIV A Queen s Girl）。マシューが亡くなったあとにマリラはギルバートのことを、"he seemed so tall and manly."といいます（アン 16歳 CHAPTER XXXVII The Reaper Whose Name Is Death）。そして、最後の転機、ギルバート登場の場面では a tall lad と書かれ、アンはすぐにはギルバートとは気づかなかった（または、ためらっている）ように表現されています（CHAPTER XXXVIII The Bend in the road）。 このように、tallはおおむねいいものとして語られています。成長が形に表われるのは背が伸びることであり、アンの成長の物語として tall になるのはいいことなのでしょう。これはモンゴメリが背の高い人だったからかもしれません。尤も、tallはあまりよくない文脈でも使われていますが（a tall, scornful-looking girl in a white-lace dress CHAPTER XXXIII The Hotel Concert）、この１ヶ所だけです。 And you re ever so much better looking than you used to be, too. But I dare say you know that without being told." "Indeed I didn t," said Anne radiantly. "I know I m not so freckled as I used to be, so I ve much to be thankful for, but I really hadn t dared to hope there was any other improvement. I m so glad you think there is, Miss Barry." Miss Barry s house was furnished with "great magnificence," as Anne told Marilla afterward. The two little country girls were rather abashed by the splendor of the parlor where Miss Barry left them when she went to see about dinner. 「The two little country girls」ここではふたりとも little girls。エイゴのa little girlは幅が広いか、ニュアンスが様々あるのでしょうか "Isn t it just like a palace?" whispered Diana. "I never was in Aunt Josephine s house before, and I d no idea it was so grand. I just wish Julia Bell could see this--she puts on such airs about her mother s parlor." "Velvet carpet," sighed Anne luxuriously, "and silk curtains! I ve dreamed of such things, Diana. But do you know I don t believe I feel very comfortable with them after all. There are so many things in this room and all so splendid that there is no scope for imagination. That is one consolation when you are poor--there are so many more things you can imagine about." Their sojourn in town was something that Anne and Diana dated from for years. 「sojourn」同じ滞在を表わすにしてもstayではないのは、重々しさ豪華さを表しているのでしょう From first to last it was crowded with delights. On Wednesday Miss Barry took them to the Exhibition grounds and kept them there all day. "It was splendid," Anne related to Marilla later on. 物語の進行の時間に合わせて、後にあったおしゃべりを挿入するのは技術的にはどういうことなんでしょうか。何度もマリラに話をしていたでしょうから、マリラにとっては後から時間軸がしっかりできて、ということ？単にアンにおしゃべりさせたかっただけ、かもしれません "I never imagined anything so interesting. I don t really know which department was the most interesting. I think I liked the horses and the flowers and the fancywork best. Josie Pye took first prize for knitted lace. I was real glad she did. And I was glad that I felt glad, for it shows I m improving, don t you think, Marilla, when I can rejoice in Josie s success? Mr. Harmon Andrews took second prize for Gravenstein apples 「Gravenstein apples 」 松本訳注第29章(6) p. 517参照 and Mr. Bell took first prize for a pig. Diana said she thought it was ridiculous for a Sunday-school superintendent to take a prize in pigs, but I don t see why. Do you? She said she would always think of it after this when he was praying so solemnly. Clara Louise MacPherson took a prize for painting, 「Clara Louise MacPherson」 初登場。でもここだけ。後にも先にも話題になっていません。 and Mrs. Lynde got first prize for homemade butter and cheese. So Avonlea was pretty well represented, wasn t it? Mrs. Lynde was there that day, and I never knew how much I really liked her until I saw her familiar face among all those strangers. There were thousands of people there, Marilla. It made me feel dreadfully insignificant. And Miss Barry took us up to the grandstand to see the horse races. 「Miss Barry took us up to the grandstand to see the horse races」 松本訳注第29章(7) p. 517参照 Mrs. Lynde wouldn t go; she said horse racing was an abomination and, she being a church member, thought it her bounden duty to set a good example by staying away. But there were so many there I don t believe Mrs. Lynde s absence would ever be noticed. I don t think, though, that I ought to go very often to horse races, because they ARE awfully fascinating. Diana got so excited that she offered to bet me ten cents that the red horse would win. I didn t believe he would, but I refused to bet, because I wanted to tell Mrs. Allan all about everything, and I felt sure it wouldn t do to tell her that. It s always wrong to do anything you can t tell the minister s wife. It s as good as an extra conscience to have a minister s wife for your friend. And I was very glad I didn t bet, because the red horse DID win, and I would have lost ten cents. So you see that virtue was its own reward. 「virtue was its own reward」 松本訳注第29章(8) p. 517参照 We saw a man go up in a balloon. I d love to go up in a balloon, Marilla; it would be simply thrilling; 仮定法過去：したかったけどしなかった and we saw a man selling fortunes. You paid him ten cents and a little bird picked out your fortune for you. Miss Barry gave Diana and me ten cents each to have our fortunes told. Mine was that I would marry a dark-complected man who was very wealthy, and I would go across water to live. 宣教師と結婚して海外に行く？ I looked carefully at all the dark men I saw after that, but I didn t care much for any of them, and anyhow I suppose it s too early to be looking out for him yet. Oh, it was a never-to-be-forgotten day, Marilla. I was so tired I couldn t sleep at night. Miss Barry put us in the spare room, according to promise. もちろん、これは "Remember, you Anne-girl, when you come to town you re to visit me and I ll put you in my very sparest spare-room bed to sleep." とミス・バリーがアンに言ったこと（CHAPTER XIX A Concert a Catastrophe and a Confession） It was an elegant room, Marilla, but somehow sleeping in a spare room isn t what I used to think it was. That s the worst of growing up, and I m beginning to realize it. 大きくなりたいと思っていたのに、大きくなったらそれほどいいものではなかった、というのはいつの時代でも（子供だった）大人の感想。ここにアンの成長が見える The things you wanted so much when you were a child don t seem half so wonderful to you when you get them." Thursday the girls had a drive in the park, and in the evening Miss Barry took them to a concert in the Academy of Music, where a noted prima donna was to sing. To Anne the evening was a glittering vision of delight. "Oh, Marilla, it was beyond description. I was so excited I couldn t even talk, アンははじめからそうでした。「並木道 "Avenue"」＝「歓びの白い路 White Way of Delight」を通ったあとは、馬車に乗っている時間の半分以上 Its beauty seemed to strike the child dumb. という状態でおしゃべりできなかったのですCHAPTER II Matthew Cuthbert is surprised so you may know what it was like. I just sat in enraptured silence. Madame Selitsky was perfectly beautiful, and wore white satin and diamonds. But when she began to sing I never thought about anything else. Oh, I can t tell you how I felt. But it seemed to me that it could never be hard to be good any more. I felt like I do when I look up to the stars. Tears came into my eyes, but, oh, they were such happy tears. I was so sorry when it was all over, and I told Miss Barry I didn t see how I was ever to return to common life again. ステイシー先生のクリスマスの演芸会のあともそうでした。 Could she go back to the former quiet pleasures of those faraway days before the concert? At first, as she told Diana, she did not really think she could. CHAPTER XXVI The Story Club Is Formed She said she thought if we went over to the restaurant across the street and had an ice cream it might help me. That sounded so prosaic; アイスクリームに騒いでいたころもあったのに……。think of it, Marilla--ICE CREAM! CHAPTER XIII The Delights of Anticipation but to my surprise I found it true. The ice cream was delicious, Marilla, and it was so lovely and dissipated to be sitting there eating it at eleven o clock at night. Diana said she believed she was born for city life. Miss Barry asked me what my opinion was, but I said I would have to think it over very seriously before I could tell her what I really thought. So I thought it over after I went to bed. That is the best time to think things out. And I came to the conclusion, Marilla, that I wasn t born for city life and that I was glad of it. It s nice to be eating ice cream at brilliant restaurants at eleven o clock at night once in a while; 「restaurants」と複数なのは、特定の体験を話しているのではなく、一般化して話をしているから。なので、「It s」と現在形で話している 「at brilliant restaurants at eleven o clock at night」 松本訳注第29章(9) p. 517参照 松本訳ではここは「夜の十一時に、電灯でまぶしいくらい明るいレストランで」となっています。年代についてもご覧ください。 but as a regular thing I d rather be in the east gable at eleven, sound asleep, but kind of knowing even in my sleep that the stars were shining outside and that the wind was blowing in the firs across the brook. I told Miss Barry so at breakfast the next morning and she laughed. Miss Barry generally laughed at anything I said, even when I said the most solemn things. I don t think I liked it, Marilla, because I wasn t trying to be funny. But she is a most hospitable lady and treated us royally." Friday brought going-home time, and Mr. Barry drove in for the girls. "Well, I hope you ve enjoyed yourselves," said Miss Barry, as she bade them good-bye. "Indeed we have," said Diana. "And you, Anne-girl?" "I ve enjoyed every minute of the time," said Anne, throwing her arms impulsively about the old woman s neck and kissing her wrinkled cheek. Diana would never have dared to do such a thing and felt rather aghast at Anne s freedom. But Miss Barry was pleased, and she stood on her veranda and watched the buggy out of sight. Then she went back into her big house with a sigh. It seemed very lonely, lacking those fresh young lives. Miss Barry was a rather selfish old lady, if the truth must be told, and had never cared much for anybody but herself. She valued people only as they were of service to her or amused her. Anne had amused her, and consequently stood high in the old lady s good graces. But Miss Barry found herself thinking less about Anne s quaint speeches than of her fresh enthusiasms, her transparent emotions, her little winning ways, and the sweetness of her eyes and lips. "I thought Marilla Cuthbert was an old fool when I heard she d adopted a girl out of an orphan asylum," she said to herself, "but I guess she didn t make much of a mistake after all. If I d a child like Anne in the house all the time I d be a better and happier woman." 「If I d a child like Anne」は、If I had ... であり、仮定法過去。「I d be a better and happier woman.」は I would ... Anne and Diana found the drive home as pleasant as the drive in--pleasanter, indeed, since there was the delightful consciousness of home waiting at the end of it. It was sunset when they passed through White Sands and turned into the shore road. シャーロットタウン → 丘もあったりする（往きの記述） → ホワイトサンズ → 海岸道路 → アヴォンリー：地理関係や道筋を考えるのにはヒントになる記述。キャベンディッシュからふつうにシャーロットタウンに行く道筋かと思いますが、調べ足りず、少しわからないところありです 2007年6月17日げんざい Beyond, the Avonlea hills came out darkly against the saffron sky. Behind them the moon was rising out of the sea that grew all radiant and transfigured in her light. 9月の金曜が満月なのはいつ？については、年代についてをご覧ください。完全な満月になるのは、1880年代は全くなく（2日前後のずれを認めればもちろんありますが）、1891年9月18日（金）、1894年9月14日（金）、1897年9月10日（金）しかありません。 Every little cove along the curving road was a marvel of dancing ripples. The waves broke with a soft swish on the rocks below them, and the tang of the sea was in the strong, fresh air. "Oh, but it s good to be alive and to be going home," breathed Anne. When she crossed the log bridge over the brook the kitchen light of Green Gables winked her a friendly welcome back, and through the open door shone the hearth fire, sending out its warm red glow athwart the chilly autumn night. Anne ran blithely up the hill and into the kitchen, where a hot supper was waiting on the table. "So you ve got back?" said Marilla, folding up her knitting. "Yes, and oh, it s so good to be back," said Anne joyously. "I could kiss everything, even to the clock. Marilla, a broiled chicken! 「a broiled chicken! 」 松本訳注第29章(10) p. 518参照 You don t mean to say you cooked that for me!" "Yes, I did," said Marilla. "I thought you d be hungry after such a drive and need something real appetizing. Hurry and take off your things, and we ll have supper as soon as Matthew comes in. I m glad you ve got back, I must say. It s been fearful lonesome here without you, and I never put in four longer days." 淋しかったと、こんなにはっきり言われるだなんて……。もちろんアンもそれに応えるというか、帰るときにも家がいいと思い、都会は合わないとミス・バリー に答え、帰ってからも家がいいと思う。これには、アンが孤児院からやってきたときからの思い（But I m glad to think of getting home. You see, I ve never had a real home since I can remember. It gives me that pleasant ache again just to think of coming to a really truly home. Oh, isn t that pretty! CHAPTER II Matthew Cuthbert is surprised）があるのを忘れるわけにはいきません After supper Anne sat before the fire between Matthew and Marilla, and gave them a full account of her visit. "I ve had a splendid time," she concluded happily, "and I feel that it marks an epoch in my life. But the best of it all was the coming home." CHAPTER XXVIII UP CHAPTER XXX 17 June 2007 今日 - | 昨日 - | Total - since 17 June 2007 last update 2007-06-17 14 11 37 (Sun)
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開催日：2012 / 01 / 15 参加人数：240名 フォーマット：レガシー（～ISD） RLP2 Coverage et report du dimanche autolink 優勝：Bant 準優勝：Bant 第3位：URG Tempo 第4位：UW Control‐Stoneforge 第5位：Painter‐Red Punishing 第6位：Bant 第7位：Explorer‐GBW 第8位：ANT‐UBR 優勝：Bant 使用者：Pierre Dagen Main Deck 1《森/Forest》 1《島/Island》 1《Karakas》 1《Maze of Ith》 1《平地/Plains》 1《Savannah》 2《Tundra》 3《Tropical Island》 3《不毛の大地/Wasteland》 4《霧深い雨林/Misty Rainforest》 4《吹きさらしの荒野/Windswept Heath》 1《ドライアドの東屋/Dryad Arbor》 1《クァーサルの群れ魔道士/Qasali Pridemage》 1《漁る軟泥/Scavenging Ooze》 3《石鍛冶の神秘家/Stoneforge Mystic》 3《ヴェンディリオン三人衆/Vendilion Clique》 4《聖遺の騎士/Knight of the Reliquary》 4《貴族の教主/Noble Hierarch》 2《呪文嵌め/Spell Snare》 4《渦まく知識/Brainstorm》 4《Force of Will》 4《剣を鍬に/Swords to Plowshares》 2《緑の太陽の頂点/Green Sun s Zenith》 1《森の知恵/Sylvan Library》 2《精神を刻む者、ジェイス/Jace, the Mind Sculptor》 1《殴打頭蓋/Batterskull》 1《火と氷の剣/Sword of Fire and Ice》 Sideboard 2《不忠の糸/Threads of Disloyalty》 1《壌土からの生命/Life from the Loam》 1《ボジューカの沼/Bojuka Bog》 3《翻弄する魔道士/Meddling Mage》 1《梅澤の十手/Umezawa s Jitte》 1《森の知恵/Sylvan Library》 2《流刑への道/Path to Exile》 2《呪文貫き/Spell Pierce》 1《クァーサルの群れ魔道士/Qasali Pridemage》 1《呪文嵌め/Spell Snare》 準優勝：Bant 使用者：Mathieu Hautot Main Deck 1《溢れかえる岸辺/Flooded Strand》 1《森/Forest》 1《島/Island》 3《Tropical Island》 4《霧深い雨林/Misty Rainforest》 4《沸騰する小湖/Scalding Tarn》 4《Tundra》 4《不毛の大地/Wasteland》 2《タルモゴイフ/Tarmogoyf》 3《ヴェンディリオン三人衆/Vendilion Clique》 4《聖遺の騎士/Knight of the Reliquary》 4《石鍛冶の神秘家/Stoneforge Mystic》 3《目くらまし/Daze》 3《呪文嵌め/Spell Snare》 4《渦まく知識/Brainstorm》 4《Force of Will》 4《剣を鍬に/Swords to Plowshares》 2《思案/Ponder》 2《精神を刻む者、ジェイス/Jace, the Mind Sculptor》 1《殴打頭蓋/Batterskull》 1《梅澤の十手/Umezawa s Jitte》 2《仕組まれた爆薬/Engineered Explosives》 Sideboard 1《仕組まれた爆薬/Engineered Explosives》 1《光と影の剣/Sword of Light and Shadow》 1《ボジューカの沼/Bojuka Bog》 1《翻弄する魔道士/Meddling Mage》 3《エーテル宣誓会の法学者/Ethersworn Canonist》 2《外科的摘出/Surgical Extraction》 2《呪文貫き/Spell Pierce》 2《クァーサルの群れ魔道士/Qasali Pridemage》 1《クローサの掌握/Krosan Grip》 1《精神を刻む者、ジェイス/Jace, the Mind Sculptor》 第3位：URG Tempo 使用者：Cyril Terroy Main Deck 1《Taiga》 2《Tropical Island》 2《不毛の大地/Wasteland》 3《霧深い雨林/Misty Rainforest》 3《沸騰する小湖/Scalding Tarn》 3《Volcanic Island》 4《樹木茂る山麓/Wooded Foothills》 3《渋面の溶岩使い/Grim Lavamancer》 4《秘密を掘り下げる者/Delver of Secrets》 4《密林の猿人/Kird Ape》 4《タルモゴイフ/Tarmogoyf》 3《呪文貫き/Spell Pierce》 4《渦まく知識/Brainstorm》 4《目くらまし/Daze》 4《火+氷/Fire+Ice》 4《Force of Will》 4《稲妻/Lightning Bolt》 1《思案/Ponder》 2《Chain Lightning》 1《ミリーの悪知恵/Mirri s Guile》 Sideboard 1《呪文貫き/Spell Pierce》 1《方向転換/Divert》 2《赤霊破/Red Elemental Blast》 2《精神支配/Mind Harness》 3《水没/Submerge》 2《古えの遺恨/Ancient Grudge》 1《フェアリーの忌み者/Faerie Macabre》 3《トーモッドの墓所/Tormod s Crypt》 第4位：UW Control‐Stoneforge 使用者：Yohan Dudognon Main Deck 1《乾燥台地/Arid Mesa》 1《山/Mountain》 1《平地/Plains》 2《Volcanic Island》 3《沸騰する小湖/Scalding Tarn》 3《不毛の大地/Wasteland》 4《溢れかえる岸辺/Flooded Strand》 4《Tundra》 5《島/Island》 1《ヴェンディリオン三人衆/Vendilion Clique》 2《聖トラフトの霊/Geist of Saint Traft》 4《瞬唱の魔道士/Snapcaster Mage》 4《石鍛冶の神秘家/Stoneforge Mystic》 2《対抗呪文/Counterspell》 2《稲妻/Lightning Bolt》 3《呪文嵌め/Spell Snare》 4《渦まく知識/Brainstorm》 4《Force of Will》 4《剣を鍬に/Swords to Plowshares》 1《遍歴の騎士、エルズペス/Elspeth, Knight-Errant》 3《精神を刻む者、ジェイス/Jace, the Mind Sculptor》 1《殴打頭蓋/Batterskull》 1《饗宴と飢餓の剣/Sword of Feast and Famine》 Sideboard 2《紅蓮破/Pyroblast》 1《赤霊破/Red Elemental Blast》 2《神の怒り/Wrath of God》 2《仕組まれた爆薬/Engineered Explosives》 1《解呪/Disenchant》 2《呪文貫き/Spell Pierce》 2《外科的摘出/Surgical Extraction》 1《世界のるつぼ/Crucible of Worlds》 1《機を見た援軍/Timely Reinforcements》 1《梅澤の十手/Umezawa s Jitte》 第5位：Painter‐Red Punishing 使用者：Jeremy Liger Main Deck 4《古えの墳墓/Ancient Tomb》 4《裏切り者の都/City of Traitors》 4《大焼炉/Great Furnace》 4《燃え柳の木立ち/Grove of the Burnwillows》 1《ゴブリンの溶接工/Goblin Welder》 1《特務魔道士ヤヤ・バラード/Jaya Ballard, Task Mage》 1《ファイレクシアの変形者/Phyrexian Metamorph》 1《ファイレクシアの破棄者/Phyrexian Revoker》 4《帝国の徴募兵/Imperial Recruiter》 4《絵描きの召使い/Painter s Servant》 2《赤霊破/Red Elemental Blast》 4《罰する火/Punishing Fire》 4《紅蓮破/Pyroblast》 4《血染めの月/Blood Moon》 2《水蓮の花びら/Lotus Petal》 2《オパールのモックス/Mox Opal》 3《金属モックス/Chrome Mox》 3《師範の占い独楽/Sensei s Divining Top》 4《罠の橋/Ensnaring Bridge》 4《丸砥石/Grindstone》 Sideboard 1《ゴブリンの溶接工/Goblin Welder》 4《アメジストのとげ/Thorn of Amethyst》 4《三なる宝球/Trinisphere》 2《フェアリーの忌み者/Faerie Macabre》 2《大祖始の遺産/Relic of Progenitus》 2《外科的摘出/Surgical Extraction》 第6位：Bant 使用者：Antoine Dambron Main Deck 1《溢れかえる岸辺/Flooded Strand》 1《森/Forest》 1《島/Island》 1《Karakas》 1《Maze of Ith》 1《Savannah》 2《Tundra》 3《不毛の大地/Wasteland》 3《吹きさらしの荒野/Windswept Heath》 4《霧深い雨林/Misty Rainforest》 4《Tropical Island》 1《瞬唱の魔道士/Snapcaster Mage》 3《ヴェンディリオン三人衆/Vendilion Clique》 4《聖遺の騎士/Knight of the Reliquary》 4《貴族の教主/Noble Hierarch》 4《石鍛冶の神秘家/Stoneforge Mystic》 1《目くらまし/Daze》 4《渦まく知識/Brainstorm》 4《Force of Will》 4《剣を鍬に/Swords to Plowshares》 1《思案/Ponder》 1《森の知恵/Sylvan Library》 3《精神を刻む者、ジェイス/Jace, the Mind Sculptor》 1《殴打頭蓋/Batterskull》 1《饗宴と飢餓の剣/Sword of Feast and Famine》 1《梅澤の十手/Umezawa s Jitte》 Sideboard 1《漁る軟泥/Scavenging Ooze》 1《火と氷の剣/Sword of Fire and Ice》 1《ボジューカの沼/Bojuka Bog》 2《ガドック・ティーグ/Gaddock Teeg》 2《外科的摘出/Surgical Extraction》 4《呪文貫き/Spell Pierce》 2《クァーサルの群れ魔道士/Qasali Pridemage》 2《流刑への道/Path to Exile》 第7位：Explorer‐GBW 使用者：Stéphane Roumanille Main Deck 1《平地/Plains》 1《Scrubland》 2《Bayou》 2《湿地の干潟/Marsh Flats》 2《ファイレクシアの塔/Phyrexian Tower》 2《Savannah》 2《沼/Swamp》 2《吹きさらしの荒野/Windswept Heath》 3《森/Forest》 4《新緑の地下墓地/Verdant Catacombs》 1《アカデミーの学長/Academy Rector》 1《ドライアドの東屋/Dryad Arbor》 1《墓所のタイタン/Grave Titan》 1《台所の嫌がらせ屋/Kitchen Finks》 1《太陽のタイタン/Sun Titan》 1《枝細工下げの古老/Wickerbough Elder》 2《永遠の証人/Eternal Witness》 2《漁る軟泥/Scavenging Ooze》 2《最後のトロール、スラーン/Thrun, the Last Troll》 4《老練の探険者/Veteran Explorer》 4《剣を鍬に/Swords to Plowshares》 2《大渦の脈動/Maelstrom Pulse》 4《陰謀団式療法/Cabal Therapy》 4《緑の太陽の頂点/Green Sun s Zenith》 1《繰り返す悪夢/Recurring Nightmare》 3《破滅的な行為/Pernicious Deed》 4《ヴェールのリリアナ/Liliana of the Veil》 2《師範の占い独楽/Sensei s Divining Top》 Sideboard 2《窒息/Choke》 4《精神壊しの罠/Mindbreak Trap》 1《滅び/Damnation》 1《フェアリーの忌み者/Faerie Macabre》 1《トーモッドの墓所/Tormod s Crypt》 1《虚無の呪文爆弾/Nihil Spellbomb》 1《Nether Void》 2《根絶/Extirpate》 1《台所の嫌がらせ屋/Kitchen Finks》 1《ガドック・ティーグ/Gaddock Teeg》 第8位：ANT‐UBR 使用者：Camille Pouliquen Main Deck 1《Badlands》 1《島/Island》 1《沼/Swamp》 1《Tropical Island》 1《新緑の地下墓地/Verdant Catacombs》 1《Volcanic Island》 2《Underground Sea》 4《汚染された三角州/Polluted Delta》 4《沸騰する小湖/Scalding Tarn》 1《むかつき/Ad Nauseam》 4《渦まく知識/Brainstorm》 4《陰謀団の儀式/Cabal Ritual》 4《暗黒の儀式/Dark Ritual》 1《炎の中の過去/Past in Flames》 1《苦悶の触手/Tendrils of Agony》 2《Grim Tutor》 3《陰謀団式療法/Cabal Therapy》 4《強迫/Duress》 4《ギタクシア派の調査/Gitaxian Probe》 4《冥府の教示者/Infernal Tutor》 4《思案/Ponder》 4《ライオンの瞳のダイアモンド/Lion s Eye Diamond》 4《水蓮の花びら/Lotus Petal》 Sideboard 4《ザンティッドの大群/Xantid Swarm》 3《巣穴からの総出/Empty the Warrens》 2《蒸気の連鎖/Chain of Vapor》 1《残響する真実/Echoing Truth》 2《殺戮の契約/Slaughter Pact》 1《ハーキルの召還術/Hurkyl s Recall》 1《クローサの掌握/Krosan Grip》 1《サディストの聖餐/Sadistic Sacrament》
https://w.atwiki.jp/vocaloidenglishlyric/pages/404.html
【Tags Hitoshizuku-P Rin tP P】 Original Music title proof of life Romaji music title proof of life Music Lyrics written, Voice edited by ひとしずくP(Hitoshizuku-P) Music arranged by ひとしずくP(Hitoshizuku-P) Singer(s) 鏡音リン (Kagamine Rin) The song is related to Len's "soundless voice". Click here for the original Japanese Lyrics English Lyrics (translated by motokokusanagi2009)： The voice of winds heralds winter Straining my ears to it, I tremble Next to you, I see your white breath It looks freezing It s time of year for life to wither again And eagerly wait for the next spring I listen to the spiral of life In the light sprouting out like a bud Knowing I m fated to rust away, I desperately wish yet to live I still wanna sing I hope to make ｍｙ mark on the world Proof that I did live... I don t want a tearjerker song I mean it, please, at this moment Let me still smile happily...next to you I wanna sing more heartwarming songs Having overwintered a few times, I finally realized what this feeling was I had no chance to tell it to you But I believe our souls are linked straight I can t see anything but darkness... I can t hear anything at all... I m scared... I feel painful... I m lonely... Despite everything is withering Your gentle smile stays in me I m taking it with me... Please keep singing heartwarming songs Even if you are despaired of lonliness Don t forget that I ll be always around you You ll never ever be alone I m not lonely because I have you I feel your warm hands holding me I can t hear anything but I feel, Through your fingers..."I love you," your heart I don t want a tearjerker song I mean it, please, at this moment Let me sing with you more I wanna sing heartwarming songs with you yet I ll dedicate a farewell song to you Before I depart this life, I wanna tell you Thank you Romaji lyrics (transliterated by motokokusanagi2009)： fuyu o tsugeru kaze no koe ni mimio katamuke furueru karada tonari ni iru anata no iki shiroku natte samusō kotoshi mo mata inochi wa kare hate yagate kuru haru o machi wabiru inochi no rensa o kiki nagara mebuite yuku hikari no naka de kuchite yuku sadame to wakatte nao tsuyoku iki shite itai yo utatte itai watashi nimo nanika nokoseru to īna watashi ga ikita inochi noakashi o... kanashī uta niwa shitaku nai yo nē onegai ima kono toki dake wa waratte itai yo... anata no yoko de yasashī uta o utatte itai ikudo me kano fuyu o koete yatto kizuita kono kimochi wa tsugeru koto wa deki nakatta kedo kokoro wa itsumo tsunagatte ita yone... kurakute mie nai yo... nani mo kikoe nai yo... kowai yo... kurushī yo... samishī yo... nani mo kamoa subete ga kiete iku naka de anata no egao dake ga ima kie nai... yasashī uta o uuatte ite ne kodoku nasekai ni tsutsumaretemo zutto soba ni iru yo wasure naide ne anata wa itsumo hitori ja nai yo samishiku nai yo anata ga iru daki shimete kureru atatakai te de kikoe nai keredo tsutawatte iru yo fureta yubisaki kara aishiteru...tte kanashī uta niwa shitaku nai yo nē onegai ima kono toki dake wa waratte itai yo anata to tomo ni yasashī uta o utatte itai anata ni sasage tai sekibetsu no uta saigo ni tsutae tai yo arigatō... [Hitoshizuku-P, HitoshizukuP]
https://w.atwiki.jp/i_ro/pages/80.html
必要条件 Base Level 60 報酬 Base Exp 90,000 Job Exp 90,000 アイテム Old Purple Box× １個 日本版タイトル ： 運命のカラス 1. At the Morroc Ruins, talk to the Book-Loving Man (moc_ruins 136, 70), who talks to you about the book lover Mammi, and tells you his name is Benjamin. He seems quite infatuated with Mammi, and asks you to find her favorite book, The Crow of the Fate by Oliver Hilpert at the Prontera Library. 2. Head to the library in Prontera× (prontera 120, 264), and talk to the second Curator behind the desk. He allows you to search for books by title and author. Searching for either The Crow of the Fate in titles or Oliver Hilpert in authors will work. Unfortunately, the library never got a copy, and he suggests you check the Juno Library instead. 3. In Juno×, head to the library (yuno 338, 204), where you find a barking dog and the Library Curator outside. Apparently there is a huge crow on the library rooftop. The man throws a rock at the crow, but that just makes it start flying over the roof in circles. Some feathers fell off the crow, and the Library Master gives one to you. 4. Go inside the library, and talk to the Library Part-Timer, who says you can find the book in the room on the right side of the hall in the bestseller corner. 5. Enter the room to her left (your right, it has two portals going into it), and find the Hot Bestseller Corner around (100, 4). Investigate it, and you ll black out. 6. You wake up in an unknown place, lit only by fires. There s a Female Researcher here, but when you try talking to her, you find she s some sort of ghost. 7. Head inside the building, where you see a researcher who shouts out to everyone, warning them of the fires that seem to be consuming the lab. Through the left portal, you find Grotesque people, who seem to have tentacles coming out of them. Walk up towards the female, and you see them making their escape as the man appears to bury something, calling the female Eva. 8. You re then taken to another place, now outside. (Be careful here, if you re-trigger the dialogue box while moving you ll be disconnected and sent back to your save point.) The two creatures then find a cave, where they decide to hide out. You re then transported back to the library. 9. Walk back (99, 3), and you decide to open the book again. It tells you the same story that happened in your "dream", and you want to do more research on the fire that happened in it. 10. Talk to the Library Part-Timer again, who tells you that the old news articles are found in the room opposite that of the first. 11. You ll find the Old News Scrapbook on the right bookcase (around 115, 99). You search through it, and find an article about the fire. After reading it, you decide to look for the cave from your dream, in hopes of finding descendents from the incident. 12. Go to the top left portal on Einbroch Field 1 (28, 258), and go inside. You find yourself in a large cave filled with people and housing a small village. When you try to talk to people they quickly stop talking upon realizing that you re human. The village does have an NPC vendor that you can sell loot to if you are overweight. 13. Upstairs, talk to the male Cave Settler (82, 97), and tell him you re looking for Eva. Jaeda will appear. The conversation will continue and then you will be transported to the start of the black tunnel. The Cave Settler then lets you continue on your way. 14. Walk through the black tunnel until you reach a room with a portal, then go through it. Keep walking through the next passageway, and talk to the Monsterous Man in the room at the end. You show him the book, and is surprised, and tells you his name is Zid. He used to be human, but volunteered for an experiment, along with Eva. After the accident they started the cave village and he now leads and protects it. Eva was in love with the lead researcher, who experimented on her, then killed himself after she mutated. Eva saved one of the baby test subjects, who ran away when he was about 10. Eva disappeared soon after. 15. Zid thinks that Oliver may be the test subject that Eva saved. He asks that you not tell anyone else about the cave and to leave them alone. Walk back thru the black tunnel to the village. The game designers did put in a fair bit of detail into the other RPG aspects of the village. At this time, you may choose to explore other cave entrances in the village to explore the black tunnels leading to other chambers. 16. Go back to Benjamin at the Morroc Ruins. You give him the book, and he shows you 2 photos of Mammi. He gives you Mammi s Photo Album, and suggests you read another book by Oliver called the Trace of the Fate. 17. Return to the Juno Library and talk to the Library Part-Timer, who tells you where you can find the book. Before you can find it however, you black out again. 18. You wake up in a burning mansion, and find a man at the bottom of a staircase, lamenting what s happened. The fire then swallows him up, and you return to the library. Talking to the Part-Timer, she says you blanked out for a minute, and suggests you go find the book. 19. In the room at the end of the hall, and you find the book on a table. After you read through it, you notice a suspicious person staring out you, who turns out to be Oliver. He signs his autograph for you, and tells you about his dreams. Upon noticing you have the photo album from Benjamin, who he seems to admire. You trade him the album for some information, and after reading a note he dropped, you are transported to the mansion again. You receive 1 Old Purple Box, and the Memo and Autograph. 20. After witnessing another scene, you re transported back to the library. Talk to Oliver and give his note back, and he tears it to pieces upon seeing the bird feather you got earlier. 21. Return to Benjamin, and you give him the autograph and note from Oliver, who rewards you with Base and Job experience. Categories Quest Window Quests | Job Experience Reward | Base Experience Reward | Satan Morroc Quests
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Your Move Games, on the Metagame in the City of Sin Homeの＞2001年度の投稿リスト」中に＞当文書は収められております。 原文 Your Move Games, on the Metagame in the City of Sin 著者 Jon Chabot 訳者 ３４ 投稿日 2001-12-13 更新 2003-05-12 さて前回はニューオリンズから今大会までのメタの推移をTeam Godzillaの面々に語ってもらったので、今回はYour Move Gamesにご登場願った。それぞれのアプローチの違いを比較するのは興味深いことであり、その違ったアプローチ同士の実際の対戦にも期待しよう。 一般的な認識として、Trixが環境でのビートダウンの隆盛を阻んでいるというのがある。つまりSlighといったデッキでは、《Illusion》での２０ライフを削りきれない間にドローアドバンテージに飲み込まれてしまうのだ。 つまりは、このコントロールに偏重された環境をいかに戦うべきなのか？ Dave Humpherysは、環境白眉のドローカード《嘘か真か》とパワーカード《獣群の呼び声》を使った柔軟性のあるデッキを使った。Tommie Walleriesのニューオリンズ準優勝デッキを元に、Trixやその他《島》を使ったデッキ全般に効く《Pyroblasts(5th)/紅蓮破》を加えたのだ。 Daveはこの環境はバランスが取れており、禁止にすべきほどのカードはないと言っている。が、彼らYMGのBenzoでの成功が加速させてしまった《Phyrexian Furnace(WL)/ファイレクシアの炉》偏重の風潮には危惧を感じているようだ。 4 Color Control Main Deck Land 3 Adakar Wastes 3 Flood Plain(MI) 2 Plateau(RV) 3 Savannah(RV) 2 Tropical Island(RV) 2 Volcanic Island(RV) 4 Tundra(RV) 2 Wasteland(TE) Creature 1 Morphling(US) Spell 4 Fact or Fiction(IN) 4 Counter Spell 4 Force of Will(AL) 4 Swords to Plowshares(IA) 3 Seal of Cleansing(NE) 3 Tithe(WL) 3 Brainstorm(MM) 3 Impulse(VI) 2 Gaea s Blessing(WL) 1 Intuition(TE) 3 Call of the Herd(OD) 2 Phyrexian Furnace(WL) SIDEBOARD 3 Hydroblast(5th) 4 Pyroblast(5th) 1 Disrupt(IN) 2 Phyrexian Furnace(WL) 3 Powder Keg(UD) 1 Tariff(6th) 1 Call of the Herd(OD) 昨年のPTバルセロナTop8の好青年、Chad EllisもDaveやTeam Godzillaと意見を同じくし、同様の戦略をとった。青を倒すための青、彼が選んだのは《Stasis(5th)/停滞》だった。《停滞》デッキには他の青と同等量のドローカードと、マッチ上マナの面で有利になれるピッチカウンターが多く入っているのだ。 Don t Hate Me Because I m Stasis Chad Ellis Land 22 Islands Creature 2 Morphling(US) Spell 4 Force of Will(AL) 3 Disrupt(IN) 3 Misdirection(MM) 2 Powder Keg(UD) 4 Propaganda(TE) 4 Thwart(MM) 4 Gush(MM) 4 Impulse(VI) 4 Stasis(5th) 1 Claws of Gix(US) 2 Rescue(UD) 1 Boomerang SIDEBOARD 2 Hydroblast(5th) 2 Iron Maiden(UL) 2 Powder Keg(UD) 3 Back to Basics(US) 4 Masticore(UD) 2 Annul(US) Chadと次に紹介するYMGの２名は、《直感》でのアドバンテージでなく、《Force of Will(AL)》こそが問題点だと考えている。そしてそれに対抗するためには、狂気的なレベルでのドローメカニズムで行なうのがYMGの方針らしい。 Darwin KastleとRob Doughertyは、Benzoを捨てることからスタートした。まず彼らはコントロールを倒すには自分もコントロールをプレイするのではなく、プレッシャーし続けることだと考えたのだ。そしてそうしてみた場合のBenzoは、ある種のコンボデッキとして序盤で最大限の力を発揮するよう組まれており、長期戦は《Zombie Infestation(OD)/ゾンビの横行》でわずかにサポートする程度だった。が、今回の新しいデッキは速攻の要素を持ちながらも《Ashen Ghouls(IA)》の存在により長期戦をも対応できるようにしてある。 このデッキはYMG以外の人間にも好評を得、アラスカのエキスパートプレイヤー、Sheldon Meneryもこのデッキを使用している。このデッキもBenzoのように環境を席捲し、YMGが２日目を支配させる結果になるのだろうか？ すべては明日判明する。 Wild Zombies Darwin Kastle Land 4 Bayou(RV) 4 Badlands(RV) 4 Taiga(RV) 2 City of Brass 3 Llanowar Wastes(AP) 3 Swamp Creature 4 Elvish Spirit Guide(AL) 4 Wild Mongrel(OD) 4 Hermit Druid(ST) 4 Krovikan Horror(AL) 4 Squee, Goblin Nabob(MM) 4 Ashen Ghoul(IA) Spell 4 Zombie Infestation(OD) 4 Duress 4 Vampiric Tutor(6th) 1 Buried Alive(OD) 1 Firestorm(WL) 1 Emerald Charm(VI) 1 Call of the Herd(OD) SIDEBOARD 1 Firestorm(WL) 1 Emerald Charm(VI) 2 Spike Feeder(ST) 2 Uktabi Orangutan(6th) 2 Oath of Ghouls(EX) 1 Bone Shredder(UL) 1 Druid Lyrist(OD) 2 Coffin Purge(OD) 2 Pyroblast(5th) Wild Zombies Robert Dougherty Land 4 Bayou(RV) 4 Badlands(RV) 4 Taiga(RV) 1 City of Brass 4 Llanowar Wastes(AP) 3 Swamp Creature 4 Elvish Spirit Guide(AL) 4 Wild Mongrel(OD) 4 Hermit Druid(ST) 4 Krovikan Horror(AL) 4 Squee, Goblin Nabob(MM) 4 Ashen Ghoul(IA) Spell 4 Zombie Infestation(OD) 4 Duress 4 Vampiric Tutor(6th) 1 Buried Alive(OD) 1 Firestorm(WL) 1 Emerald Charm(VI) 1 Phyrexian Furnace(WL) SIDEBOARD 1 Firestorm(WL) 2 Emerald Charm(VI) 4 Pyroblast(5th) 4 Call of the Herd(OD) 1 Phyrexian Furnace(WL) 1 Null Rod(WL) 1 Mountain 1 Ground Seal(OD) 76 名前： ３４ 投稿日： 01/12/13 04 10 レシピが長いだけで中身は楽だった。けど、わかんねーのもちょっとある。 Alan Comerはベルギー製のデッキ（彼によってかなり手が加えられているが）、Land Grant Fishを持ちこんできた。 元はAlan Comer is sporting a shiny new Belgium creation これのベルギーってのがよくわからん。ベルギーって書いてあるからにはベルギー製なのか？って思ってこう訳したのだが、もともとあるんだったらこんなに話題になってないと思うし、ひょっとしたら外人ってのは青緑の森＆島でベルギーを連想するのか？ 当ページは、２ちゃんねるの卓上ゲーム板「MTG Sideboard Online 日本語版」スレッドに投稿された記事を、426(braingeyser-lj@infoseek.jp)がまとめたものです。
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1 Structure / function / operation of welding machine Question 2.1 Current unit I [A] Question 2.2 Unit of voltage V [V] Question 2.3 Ohm s law R = \ frac {E} {I} [\ Omega] Question 2.4 Total value of series connection resistance R_{a} = r_{1} + r_{2} [\Omega] Question 2.5 Total value of parallel connection resistance R = \frac{1}{\frac {1}{r_ {1} + \frac{1}{r_{2}} Question 2.6 Electronic foundation AC power frequency 50 or 60 [Hz] Arc discharge Discharge between welding medium and base metal Rectification Stable conversion of variable voltage Rated usage rate usage time per unit time Question 2.7 Handling of conductors (cables) Electromagnetic induction is generated by the laying of the rotationwith an excess surplus length to the output cable,so output power is secured with an appropriate extra length For the input / output side cable, select the surplus diameteragainst the current used and connect Since a large current flows through the output side cable,select a large diameter for the input cable and connect it Cable to weld object side securely connect 2.8 Welding machine usage rate ratio of arc discharge time to unit time 2.9 Measurement of arc power supply The ammeter is connected in series to the arc generation output cable The voltage system is connected in parallel to the arc generation output cable 2.10 Drop characteristics in voltage and current of AC arc welding machine (arc generation) Voltage drop slightly increases current at a specific point 2.11 No-load voltage of AC arc welding machine Voltage at standby time due to welding operation 2.12 Movable core type AC arc welding Control welding current 2.13 Regulation for no-load voltage in AC arc welding machine Measures against high-voltage hazards 2.14 Regulation on voltage of AC arc welding machine The no-load voltage is limited to 80 [V] in the AC arc welding machinewith the electric shock prevention device eliminated 2.15 Outline of AC arc voltage Arc voltage increases with arc length 2.16 Proper voltage setting in AC arc welding Welding rod diameter 4 [mm] 30 [V] 2.17 Function of electric shock prevention device for AC arc welding Reduced occurrence of electric shock accidentsat no-load voltage against waiting time of welding operation 2.18 AC electric arc welding machine No-load voltage 25 [V] 2.19 Example of usage rate of movable core type AC arc welding machine Usage rate 60 [\%] Arc generation time 6 [min] / 10 [min] 2.20 Characteristics of AC arc welding machine output cable The output power is decreased with the total length by the rotation laying 2.21 Handling of AC arc welding machine output cable Output current decreases with use of output small diameter cable 2.22 Selection of welding machine output cable As the output current rises with respect to the input current,the input side cable is connected to the output side with a large diameter on the output side 2.23 Comparison between DC arc welding machine and AC arc welding machine Arc is dispersed by AC power output to DC arc welding machine Attract magnetic blow by AC power output to DC arc welding machine 2.24 Magnetic blowing The direction of the arc is changed by collision of magnetic flux 2.25 Emergency substitute electric circuit for breakers in distribution box Copper Because of its high electrical conductivity,the current flow increases, causing heat generation and fire Power supply interruption function against overcurrent is lost 2.26 Cause of arc welding accident CauseHolder connection cable Welded side connection cable Trouble phenomenonDifficult to arc Heating / burning of cable
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を探せ。onかな？in？ Class Schedule for Class 400 TYPEWRITING MACHINES シリーズhttp //www26.atwiki.jp/raycy/pages/95.html Class Schedule for Class 400 TYPEWRITING MACHINES http //www.uspto.gov/go/classification/uspc400/sched400.htm sched400.htmのfirefox表示ページをすべて選択コピぺxyzzy「typewriter」でgrep Subclass 344 indent level is 2 With other typewriter function controlled by margin-stop (e.g., signal, line-space) sched400.htm 38 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 27][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 27]27 Subclass 27 indent level is 2 Including adjustment of typewriter relative to book (e.g., to compensate for book thickness) sched400.htm 39 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 28][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 28]28 Subclass 28 indent level is 2 Including adjustment of book support relative to typewriter (e.g., for top or bottom of book, etc.) sched400.htm 40 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 29][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 29]29 Subclass 29 indent level is 1 For typing on flat blueprint or drawing (e.g., "platenless" typewriter) sched400.htm 42 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 31][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 31]31 Subclass 31 indent level is 1 By multidirectional movement of typewriter structure (e.g., "Elliot-Fisher" structure) sched400.htm 43 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 32][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 32]32 Subclass 32 indent level is 1 Bottom-strike typewriter including type-bar action or bar platen or anvil platen sched400.htm 44 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 33][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 33]33 Subclass 33 indent level is 1 Top-strike typewriter including pivoted type-bar sched400.htm 61 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 50][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 50]50 INCLUDING DELAY MEANS FOR PREVENTING MALFUNCTION IN POWERED TYPEWRITER sched400.htm 62 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 51][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 51]51 Subclass 51 indent level is 1 Delay of sequential character rate in programmed-control typewriter sched400.htm 65 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 54][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 54]54 SAFETY SWITCH OR CONDITION-RESPONSIVE-CUTOFF SWITCH FOR ELECTRICALLY POWERED TYPEWRITER sched400.htm 72 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 61][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 61]61 INCLUDING CONTROL OF FORMAT AND SELECTION OF TYPE-FACE BY PROGRAMMED CONTROL-SYSTEM (E.G., INPUT TYPEWRITER) sched400.htm 73 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 62][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 62]62 Subclass 62 indent level is 1 Including means for responding to input program or incoming signals and providing output program or signals representing typing operations (e.g., output typewriter) sched400.htm 82 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 71][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 71]71 Subclass 71 indent level is 1 Plural typewriters coupled for simultaneous operation (e.g., "master-slave" relationship) sched400.htm 88 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 77][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 77]77 TYPEWRITER CONTROLS OTHER INFORMATION RECORDER sched400.htm 89 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 78][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 78]78 Subclass 78 indent level is 1 Typewriter controls apparatus used for accounting function sched400.htm 91 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 80][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 80]80 Subclass 80 indent level is 1 Typewriter (e.g, output typewriter) controls tape-punch or card-punch apparatus sched400.htm 94 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 83][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 83]83 DISPLAYING TYPEWRITER-FORMED REPRESENTATION OF PRINT-LINE sched400.htm 99 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 88][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 88]88 POCKET TYPEWRITER sched400.htm 102 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 91][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 91]91 STENOGRAPHIC TYPEWRITER sched400.htm 106 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 95][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 95]95 LOGOTYPE TYPEWRITER (E.G., WORD TYPING) sched400.htm 111 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 100][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 100]100 PLURAL-KEY-ACTUATED TYPEWRITER (E.G., PERMUTATIVE KEY-BOARD) sched400.htm 114 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 103][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 103]103 CODE-PRINTING TYPEWRITER (E.G., FOR PRINTING A PATTERN OR MARK) sched400.htm 120 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 109][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 109]109 FOREIGN LANGUAGE OR BRAILLE TYPEWRITER sched400.htm 124 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 112][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 112]112 ANNULAR TYPEWRITER (E.G., FOR TYPING AROUND CIRCUMFERENCE OF PLATEN) sched400.htm 128 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 116][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 116]116 MUSIC-ROLL OR MUSICAL-NOTATION TYPEWRITER sched400.htm 129 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 117][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 117]117 Subclass 117 indent level is 1 Musical-notation typewriter sched400.htm 288 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 178][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 178]178 Subclass 178 indent level is 1 For producing typewriter-control tape (e.g., perforated tape, etc.) sched400.htm 294 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 184][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 184]184 HAVING TYPEWRITER-CONTROLLED RECIPROCABLE ELECTROMAGNETIC DRIVE FOR PLURAL FUNCTIONS IN SAME TYPEWRITER sched400.htm 313 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 202][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 202]202 Subclass 202 indent level is 2 Renovator attachable to typewriter for replenishing ribbon ink sched400.htm 321 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 205.1][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 205.1]205.1 Subclass 205.1 indent level is 3 Holder movable to inoperative position on typewriter sched400.htm 324 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 206.2][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 206.2]206.2 Subclass 206.2 indent level is 3 And ribbon holder movable to inoperative position on typewriter sched400.htm 327 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 207][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 207]207 Subclass 207 indent level is 1 Package for ribbon facilitating mounting of ribbon on typewriter (e.g., ribbon cartridge) sched400.htm 328 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 208][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 208]208 Subclass 208 indent level is 2 Package attached to typewriter sched400.htm 330 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 209][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 209]209 Subclass 209 indent level is 1 For bottom-strike typewriter sched400.htm 344 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 216.2][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 216.2]216.2 Subclass 216.2 indent level is 5 With typewriter-controlled change of field sched400.htm 407 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 248.2][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 248.2]248.2 Subclass 248.2 indent level is 4 And typewriter-actuated closing of guide sched400.htm 414 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 254][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 254]254 Subclass 254 indent level is 1 Controlled by typewriter-actuated mechanism sched400.htm 427 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 265][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 265]265 Subclass 265 indent level is 2 Fore-and-aft (e.g., for top-strike or bottom-strike typewriter) sched400.htm 532 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 326][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 326]326 Subclass 326 indent level is 2 With compensator for tilt of typewriter sched400.htm 580 [List of Pre Grant Publications for class 400 subclass 344][List of Patents for class 400 subclass 344]344 Subclass 344 indent level is 2 With other typewriter function controlled by margin-stop (e.g., signal, line-space) link_trackbackcounter -
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Event notice APC New Year Festival Drive (whether that Interdiction the APC) HAM as a Second Event "New Year Festival APC drive (whether that Interdiction the APC)" will be held! Ask you to text chat and admitted 30 minutes before the start. Detail Date January 28, 2012 (Saturday) Time From 2 pm to 4 pm（Japan time) Description photography⇒Operation Interdiction Text chat in more detail What you need Please note I have Interdiction before the DL strategy Texture features (for photography). Mercenaries charged events (various Rokeran) APC s main gun and machine guns to be found in the opponent without the use of hide. It is important destruction Interdiction APC! We contributed to the victory of Baylor by signing up for Interdiction!
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The Acts of the Apostles (Ancient Greek Πράξεις τῶν Ἀποστόλων, Práxeis tôn Apostólōn; Latin Āctūs Apostolōrum), often referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; it tells of the founding of the Christian church and the spread of its message to the Roman empire.[1] Acts is the second half of a two-part work, referred to as Luke-Acts, by the same anonymous author, referred to as Luke the Evangelist, and usually dated to around 80-90 CE.[2][3] The first part, the Gospel of Luke, tells how God fulfilled his plan for the world s salvation through the life, death and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth, the promised Messiah. Acts continues the story of Christianity in the 1st century, beginning with the Ascension of Christ. The early chapters, set in Jerusalem, describe the Day of Pentecost (the coming of the Holy Spirit) and the growth of the church in Jerusalem. Initially the Jews are receptive to the Christian message, but soon they turn against the followers of the Messiah. Rejected by the Jews, under the guidance of the Apostle Peter the message is taken to the Gentiles. The later chapters tell of Paul s conversion, his mission in Asia Minor and the Aegean, and finally his imprisonment in Rome, where, as the book ends, he awaits trial. Luke-Acts is an attempt to answer a theological problem, namely how the Messiah of the Jews came to have an overwhelmingly non-Jewish church; the answer it provides, and its central theme, is that the message of Christ was sent to the Gentiles because the Jews rejected it.[1] Contents [hide] 1 Composition and setting 1.1 Title, unity of Luke-Acts, authorship and date 1.2 Genre, sources and historicity of Acts 1.3 Audience and authorial intent 1.4 Manuscripts 2 Structure and content 2.1 Structure 2.2 Outline 2.3 Content 3 Theology 4 Comparison with other writings 4.1 Gospel of Luke 4.2 Pauline epistles 5 See also 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External links Composition and setting[edit] Main article Authorship of Luke–Acts Ministry of the Apostles Russian icon by Fyodor Zubov, 1660 Title, unity of Luke-Acts, authorship and date[edit] The title "Acts of the Apostles" (Greek Πράξεις ἀποστόλων Praxeis Apostolon) was first used by Irenaeus in the late 2nd century. It is not known whether this was an existing title or one invented by Irenaeus; it does seem clear, however, that it was not given by the author.[4] The gospel of Luke and Acts make up a two-volume work which scholars call Luke-Acts.[3] Together they account for 27.5% of the New Testament, the largest contribution attributed to a single author, providing the framework for both the Church s liturgical calendar and the historical outline into which later generations have fitted their idea of the story of Jesus and the early church.[5] The author is not named in either volume.[6] According to Church tradition dating from the 2nd century, he was the "Luke" named as a companion of the apostle Paul in three of the letters attributed to Paul himself; this view is still sometimes advanced, but "a critical consensus emphasizes the countless contradictions between the account in Acts and the authentic Pauline letters."[7] (An example can be seen by comparing Acts accounts of Paul s conversion (Acts 9 1-31, 22 6-21, and 26 9-23) with Paul s own statement that he remained unknown to Christians in Judea after that event (Galatians 1 17-24).)[8] He admired Paul, but his theology was significantly different from Paul s on key points and he does not (in Acts) represent Paul s views accurately.[9] He was educated, a man of means, probably urban, and someone who respected manual work, although not a worker himself; this is significant, because more high-brow writers of the time looked down on the artisans and small business-people who made up the early church of Paul and were presumably Luke s audience.[10] The earliest possible date for the composition of Acts is set by the events with which it ends, Paul s imprisonment in Rome c.63 CE, but an early date is now rarely put forward.[11][12] The last possible date would be set by its first definite citation by another author, but there is no unanimity on this–some scholars find echoes of Acts in a work from c.95 CE called I Clement, while others see no indisputable citation until the middle of the 2nd century.[11] If Acts uses Josephus as a source, as has been proposed, then it must have been composed after 93 CE; it does not show any knowledge of Paul s letters, a fact which also supports a late date; and the social situation it reflects is one in which the faithful need "shepherds" to protect them from heretical (possibly Marcionite) "wolves", which again reflects a late date.[11] Most experts therefore date it to around 80-90 CE, although some suggest 90-110, [2] and there is evidence that it was still being substantially revised well into the 2nd century.[13] Genre, sources and historicity of Acts[edit] Luke (or more accurately the anonymous author of Luke-Acts) describes his work, Luke-Acts, as a "narrative" (diegesis). Acts, the second part, is widely thought of as a history, but it lacks exact analogies in Hellenistic or Jewish literature.[14] The title "Acts of the Apostles" (Praxeis Apostolon) would seem to identify it with the genre telling of the deeds and achievements of great men (praxeis), but it was not the title given by the author.[4] Luke seems to have taken as his model the works of two respected Classical authors, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, who wrote a well-known history of Rome, and the Jewish historian Josephus, author of a history of the Jews.[15] Like them he anchors his history by dating the birth of the founder (Romulus for Dionysius, Moses for Josephus, Jesus for Luke) and like them he tells how the founder is born from God, taught authoritatively, and appeared to witnesses after death before ascending to heaven.[15] By and large the sources for Acts can only be guessed at,[16] but Luke would have had access to the Septuagint (a Greek translation of the Jewish scriptures), the gospel of Mark and the collection of "sayings of Jesus" called the Q source.[17] He transposed a few incidents from Mark s gospel to the time of the Apostles – for example, the material about "clean" and "unclean" foods in Mark 7 is used in Acts 10, and Mark s account of the accusation that Jesus has attacked the Temple (Mark 14 58) is used in a story about Stephen (Acts 6 14).)[18] There are also points of contacts (meaning suggestive parallels but something less than clear evidence) with 1 Peter, the Letter to the Hebrews, and 1 Clement.[19] Other sources can only be inferred from internal evidence – the traditional explanation of the three "we" passages, for example, is that they represent eye-witness accounts.[20] The search for such inferred sources was popular in the 19th century, but by the mid-20th it had largely been abandoned.[21] Acts was read as a reliable history of the early church well into the post-Reformation era. By the 17th century, however, biblical scholars began to notice that it was incomplete and tendentious – its picture of a harmonious church is quite at odds with that given by Paul s letters, and it omits important events such as the deaths of both Peter and Paul. The mid-19th century scholar Ferdinand Baur suggested that Luke had re-written history to present a united Peter and Paul and advance a single orthodoxy against the Marcionites. (Marcion was a 2nd-century heretic who wished to cut Christianity off entirely from the Jews). Baur continues to have enormous influence, but today there is less interest in determining Luke s historical accuracy (although this has never died out) than in understanding his theological program.[22] Audience and authorial intent[edit] Luke was written to be read aloud to a group of Jesus-followers gathered in a house to share the Lord s supper.[15] The author assumes an educated Greek-speaking audience, but directs his attention to specifically Christian concerns rather than to the Greco-Roman world at large.[23] He begins his gospel with a preface addressed to Theophilus, informing him of his intention to provide an "ordered account" of events which will lead his reader to "certainty".[10] He did not write in order to provide Theophilus with historical justification – "did it happen?" – but to encourage faith – "what happened, and what does it all mean?"[24] Acts (or Luke-Acts) is intended as a work of "edification."[25] Edification means "the empirical demonstration that virtue is superior to vice,"[26] but is not all of Luke s purpose. He also engages with the question of a Christian s proper relationship with the Roman Empire, the civil power of the day could a Christian obey God and also Caesar? The answer is ambiguous.[27] The Romans never move against Jesus or his followers unless provoked by the Jews, in the trial scenes the Christian missionaries are always cleared of charges of violating Roman laws, and Acts ends with Paul in Rome proclaiming the Christian message under Roman protection; at the same time, Luke makes clear that the Romans, like all earthly rulers, receive their authority from Satan, while Christ is ruler of the kingdom of God. [28] Luke-Acts can be also seen as a defense of (or "apology" for) the Jesus movement addressed to the Jews the bulk of the speeches and sermons in Acts are addressed to Jewish audiences, with the Romans featuring as external arbiters on disputes concerning Jewish customs and law.[27] On the one hand Luke portrays the Christians as a sect of the Jews, and therefore entitled to legal protection as a recognised religion; on the other, Luke seems unclear as to the future God intends for Jews and Christians, celebrating the Jewishness of Jesus and his immediate followers while also stressing how the Jews had rejected God s promised Messiah.[29] Manuscripts[edit] There are two major textual variants of Luke-Acts, the Western text-type and the Alexandrian. The oldest complete Alexandrian manuscripts date from the 4th century and the oldest Western ones from the 6th, with fragments and citations going back to the 3rd. Western texts of Acts are 10% longer than Alexandrian texts, the additions tending to enhance the Jewish rejection of the Messiah and the role of the Holy Spirit, in ways that are stylistically different from the rest of Acts.[30] These conflicts suggest that Luke-Acts was still being substantially revised well into the 2nd century.[13] The majority of scholars prefer the Alexandrian (shorter) text-type over the Western as the more authentic, but this same argument would favour the Western over the Alexandrian for the gospel of Luke, as in that case the Western version is the shorter. The debate therefore continues.[30] Structure and content[edit] Acts 1 1-2a from the 14th century Minuscule 223 Structure[edit] Acts has two key structural principles. The first is the geographic movement from Jerusalem, centre of God s Covenantal people the Jews, to Rome, centre of the Gentile world. This structure reaches back to the author s preceding work, the Gospel of Luke, and is signaled by parallel scenes such as Paul s utterance in Acts 19 21, which echoes Jesus words 9 51 (Paul has Rome as his destination, as Jesus had Jerusalem). The second key element is the roles of Peter and Paul, the first representing the Jewish Christian church, the second the mission to the Gentiles.[31] Transition reprise of the preface addressed to Theophilus and the closing events of the gospel (Acts 1-1 26) Petrine Christianity the Jewish church from Jerusalem to Antioch (Acts 2 1-12 25) 2 1-8 1 - beginnings in Jerusalem 8 2-40 - the church expands to Samaria and beyond 9 1-31 - conversion of Paul 9 32-12 25 - the conversion of Cornelius, and the formation of the Antioch church Pauline Christianity the Gentile mission from Antioch to Rome (Acts 13 1-28 21) 13 1-14 28 - the Gentile mission is promoted from Antioch 15 1-35 - the Gentile mission is confirmed in Jerusalem 15 36-28 31 - the Gentile mission, climaxing in Paul s passion story in Rome (21 17-28 31) Outline[edit] Dedication to Theophilus (1 1–2) Resurrection appearances (1 3) Great Commission (1 4–8) Ascension (1 9) Second Coming Prophecy (1 10–11) Matthias replaced Judas (1 12–26) the Upper Room (1 13) Holy Spirit came at Pentecost (2), see also Paraclete Peter healed a crippled beggar (3 1–10) Peter s speech at the Temple (3 11–26) Peter and John before the Sanhedrin (4 1–22) Resurrection of the dead (4 2) Believers Prayer (4 23–31) Everything is shared (4 32–37) Ananias and Sapphira (5 1–11) Signs and Wonders (5 12–16) Apostles before the Sanhedrin (5 17–42) Seven Greeks appointed (6 1–7) Saint Stephen before the Sanhedrin (6 8–7 60) The "Cave of the Patriarchs" was located in Shechem (7 16) "Moses was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians" (7 22) First mentioning of Saul (Paul the Apostle) in the Bible (7 58) Paul the Apostle confesses his part in the martyrdom of Stephen (7 58-60) Saul persecuted the Church of Jerusalem (8 1–3) Philip the Evangelist (8 4–40) Simon Magus (8 9–24) Ethiopian eunuch (8 26–39) Conversion of Paul the Apostle (9 1–31, 22 1–22, 26 9–24) Paul the Apostle confesses his active part in the martyrdom of Stephen (22 20) Peter healed Aeneas and raised Tabitha from the dead (9 32–43) Conversion of Cornelius (10 1–8, 24–48) Peter s vision of a sheet with animals (10 9–23, 11 1–18) Church of Antioch founded (11 19–30) term "Christian" first used (11 26) Saint James the Great executed (12 1–2) Peter s rescue from prison (12 3–19) Death of Herod Agrippa I [in 44] (12 20–25) "the voice of a god" (12 22) Mission of Barnabas and Saul (13–14) "Saul, who was also known as Paul" (13 9) called "gods ... in human form" (14 11) Council of Jerusalem (15 1–35) Paul separated from Barnabas (15 36–41) 2nd and 3rd missions (16–20) Areopagus sermon (17 16-34) "God...has set a day" (17 30–31) Trial before Gallio c. 51–52 (18 12–17) Trip to Jerusalem (21) Before the people and the Sanhedrin (22–23) Before Felix–Festus–Agrippa II (24–26) Trip to Rome (27–28) called a god on Malta (28 6) Content[edit] See also Early Christianity and Jewish Christians The Gospel of Luke began with a prologue addressed to Theophilus; Acts likewise opens with an address to Theophilus and refers to "my earlier book", almost certainly the gospel. The apostles and other followers of Jesus meet and elect Matthias to replace Judas as a member of The Twelve. On Pentecost, the Holy Spirit descends and confers God s power on them, and Peter, along with John, preaches to many in Jerusalem, and performs Christ-like healings, casting out of evil spirits, and raising of the dead. At first many Jews follow Christ and are baptized, but the Christians begin to be increasingly persecuted by the Jews. Stephen is arrested for blasphemy, and after a trial, is found guilty and stoned by the Jews. Stephen s death marks a major turning point the Jews have rejected the message, and henceforth it will be taken to the Gentiles.[32] The message is taken to the Samaritans, a people rejected by Jews, and to the Gentiles. Saul of Tarsus, one of the Jews who persecuted the Christians, is converted by a vision to become a follower of Christ (an event which Luke regards as so important that he relates it three times). Peter, directed by a series of visions, preaches to Cornelius the Centurion, a Gentile God-fearer, who becomes a follower of Christ. The Holy Spirit descends on Peter and Cornelius, thus confirming that the message of eternal life in Christ is for all mankind. The Gentile church is established in Antioch (north-western Syria, the third-largest city of the empire), and here Christ s followers are first called Christians.[33] The mission to the Gentiles is promoted from Antioch and confirmed at meeting in Jerusalem between Paul and the leadership of the Jerusalem church. Paul spends the next few years traveling through western Asia Minor and the Aegean,preaching, converting Gentiles, and founding new churches. On a visit to Jerusalem he is set on by a Jewish mob. Saved by the Roman commander, he is accused by the Jews of being a revolutionary, the "ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes", and imprisoned. Paul asserts his right as a Roman citizen, to be tried in Rome and is sent by sea to Rome, where he spends another two years under house arrest, proclaiming the Kingdom of God and teaching the "Lord Jesus Christ". Acts ends abruptly without recording the outcome of Paul s legal troubles.[citation needed] Theology[edit] Paul s conversion, from Livre d Heures d Étienne Chevalier (c. 1450–1460), Jean Fouquet, in the Château de Chantilly. Prior to the 1950s Luke-Acts was seen as a historical work, written to defend Christianity before the Romans or Paul against his detractors; since then, however, the tendency has been to see the work as primarily theological.[34] Luke s theology is expressed primarily through his overarching plot, the way scenes, themes and characters combine to construct his specific worldview.[35] His "salvation history" stretches from the Creation to the present time of his readers, in three ages first, the time of "the Law and the Prophets" (Luke 16 16), the period beginning with Genesis and ending with the appearance of John the Baptist (Luke 1 5-3 1); second, the epoch of Jesus, in which the Kingdom of God was preached (Luke 3 2-24 51); and finally the period of the Church, which began when the risen Christ was taken into Heaven, and would end with his second coming.[36] Luke-Acts is an attempt to answer a theological problem, namely how the Messiah promised to the Jews came to have an overwhelmingly non-Jewish church; the answer it provides, and its central theme, is that the message of Christ was sent to the Gentiles because the Jews rejected it.[1] This theme is introduced at the opening of the gospel of Luke, when Jesus, rejected in Nazareth, recalls that the prophets were rejected by Israel and accepted by Gentiles; at the end of the gospel he commands his disciples to preach his message to all nations, "beginning from Jerusalem." He repeats the command in Acts, telling them to preach "in Jerusalem, in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the Earth." They then proceed to do so, in the order outlined first Jerusalem, then Judea, then Samaria, then the entire (Roman) world.[37] For Luke, the Holy Spirit is the driving force behind the spread of the Christian message, and he places more emphasis on it than do any of the other evangelists. The Spirit is "poured out" at Pentecost, on the first Samaritan and Gentile believers, and on disciples who had been baptised only by John the Baptist, each time as a sign of God s approval. The Holy Spirit represents God s power (At his ascension, Jesus tells his followers, "You shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you") through it the disciples are given speech to convert thousands in Jerusalem, forming the first church (the term is used for the first time in Acts 5).[38] Comparison with other writings[edit] Saint Paul Writing His Epistles, ascribed to Valentin de Boulogne, 17th century Gospel of Luke[edit] As the second part of the two-part work Luke-Acts, Acts has significant links to the gospel of Luke. Major turning points in the structure of Acts, for example, find parallels in Luke the presentation of the child Jesus in the Temple parallels the opening of Acts in the Temple, Jesus forty days of testing in the wilderness prior to his mission parallel the forty days prior to his Ascension in Acts, the mission of Jesus in Samaria and the Decapolis (the lands of the Samaritans and Gentiles) parallels the missions of the Apostles in Samaria and the Gentile lands, and so on (see Gospel of Luke). These parallels continue through both books.[39] There are also differences between Luke and Acts, amounting at times to outright contradiction. For example, the gospel seems to place the Ascension on Easter Sunday, immediately after the Resurrection, while Acts 1 puts it forty days later.[40] There are similar conflicts over the theology. While not seriously questioning the single authorship of Luke-Acts, these differences do suggest the need for caution in seeking too much consistency in books written in essence as popular literature.[41] Pauline epistles[edit] Acts agrees with Paul s letters on the major outline of Paul s career as Saul he is converted and becomes Paul the Christian missionary and apostle, establishing new churches in Asia Minor and the Aegean and struggling to free Gentile Christians from the Jewish Law. There are also agreements on many incidents, such as Paul s escape from Damascus, where he is lowered down the walls in a basket. But details of these same incidents are frequently contradictory for example, according to Paul it was a pagan king who was trying to arrest him in Damascus, but according to Luke it was, characteristically, the Jews (2 Corinthians 11 33 and Acts 9 24). Many of the disagreements are not so immediately obvious Acts speaks of "Christians" and "disciples", but Paul never uses either term, and there are striking differences in the accounts of Paul s relationship with the Jerusalem church and its leaders (Acts 9-15 vs. Galatians 1-2). Acts omits much from the letters, notably Paul s problems with his congregations (internal difficulties are said to be the fault of the Jews instead), and his apparent final rejection by the church leaders in Jerusalem (Acts has Paul and Barnabas deliver an offering that is accepted, a trip that has no mention in the letters). There are also major differences between Acts on Paul on Christology (the understanding of Christ s nature), eschatology (understanding of the "last things"), and apostleship.[42] See also[edit] Historical reliability of the Acts of the Apostles List of Gospels List of omitted Bible verses Textual variants in the Acts of the Apostles Acts of the Apostles (genre) Acts of Andrew Acts of Barnabas Acts of John Acts of the Martyrs Acts of Paul Acts of Paul and Thecla Acts of Peter Acts of Peter and Paul Acts of Peter and the Twelve Acts of Pilate Acts of Philip Acts of Thomas Acts of Timothy The Lost Chapter of the Acts of the Apostles References[edit] ^ Jump up to a b c Burkett 2002, p. 263. ^ Jump up to a b Charlesworth 2008, p. no page number. ^ Jump up to a b Burkett 2002, p. 195. ^ Jump up to a b Matthews 2011, p. 12. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 556. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 196. Jump up ^ Theissen Merz 1998, p. 32. Jump up ^ Perkins 1998, p. 253. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 590. ^ Jump up to a b Green 1997, p. 35. ^ Jump up to a b c Boring 2012, p. 587. Jump up ^ Theissen Merz 1996 [tr. 1998], p. 32. ^ Jump up to a b Perkins 2009, p. 250-253. Jump up ^ Aune 1988, p. 77. ^ Jump up to a b c Balch 2003, p. 1104. Jump up ^ Bruce 1990, p. 40. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 577. Jump up ^ Witherington 1998, p. 8. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 578. Jump up ^ Bruce 1990, p. 40-41. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 579. Jump up ^ Holladay 2011, p. no page numbers. Jump up ^ Green 1995, p. 16-17. Jump up ^ Green 1997, p. 36. Jump up ^ Fitzmyer 1998, p. 55-65. Jump up ^ Aune 1988, p. 80. ^ Jump up to a b Pickett 2011, p. 6-7. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 562. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 563. ^ Jump up to a b Thompson 2010, p. 332. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 569-570. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 265. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 266. Jump up ^ Buckwalter 1996, p. 6. Jump up ^ Allen 2009, p. 326. Jump up ^ Evans 2011, p. no page numbers. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 264. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 268-270. Jump up ^ Tremmel 2011, p. 59. Jump up ^ Zwiep 2010, p. 39. Jump up ^ Parsons 1993, p. 17-18. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 581, 588-590.The Acts of the Apostles (Ancient Greek Πράξεις τῶν Ἀποστόλων, Práxeis tôn Apostólōn; Latin Āctūs Apostolōrum), often referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; it tells of the founding of the Christian church and the spread of its message to the Roman empire.[1] Acts is the second half of a two-part work, referred to as Luke-Acts, by the same anonymous author, referred to as Luke the Evangelist, and usually dated to around 80-90 CE.[2][3] The first part, the Gospel of Luke, tells how God fulfilled his plan for the world s salvation through the life, death and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth, the promised Messiah. Acts continues the story of Christianity in the 1st century, beginning with the Ascension of Christ. The early chapters, set in Jerusalem, describe the Day of Pentecost (the coming of the Holy Spirit) and the growth of the church in Jerusalem. Initially the Jews are receptive to the Christian message, but soon they turn against the followers of the Messiah. Rejected by the Jews, under the guidance of the Apostle Peter the message is taken to the Gentiles. The later chapters tell of Paul s conversion, his mission in Asia Minor and the Aegean, and finally his imprisonment in Rome, where, as the book ends, he awaits trial. Luke-Acts is an attempt to answer a theological problem, namely how the Messiah of the Jews came to have an overwhelmingly non-Jewish church; the answer it provides, and its central theme, is that the message of Christ was sent to the Gentiles because the Jews rejected it.[1] Contents [hide] 1 Composition and setting 1.1 Title, unity of Luke-Acts, authorship and date 1.2 Genre, sources and historicity of Acts 1.3 Audience and authorial intent 1.4 Manuscripts 2 Structure and content 2.1 Structure 2.2 Outline 2.3 Content 3 Theology 4 Comparison with other writings 4.1 Gospel of Luke 4.2 Pauline epistles 5 See also 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External links Composition and setting[edit] Main article Authorship of Luke–Acts Ministry of the Apostles Russian icon by Fyodor Zubov, 1660 Title, unity of Luke-Acts, authorship and date[edit] The title "Acts of the Apostles" (Greek Πράξεις ἀποστόλων Praxeis Apostolon) was first used by Irenaeus in the late 2nd century. It is not known whether this was an existing title or one invented by Irenaeus; it does seem clear, however, that it was not given by the author.[4] The gospel of Luke and Acts make up a two-volume work which scholars call Luke-Acts.[3] Together they account for 27.5% of the New Testament, the largest contribution attributed to a single author, providing the framework for both the Church s liturgical calendar and the historical outline into which later generations have fitted their idea of the story of Jesus and the early church.[5] The author is not named in either volume.[6] According to Church tradition dating from the 2nd century, he was the "Luke" named as a companion of the apostle Paul in three of the letters attributed to Paul himself; this view is still sometimes advanced, but "a critical consensus emphasizes the countless contradictions between the account in Acts and the authentic Pauline letters."[7] (An example can be seen by comparing Acts accounts of Paul s conversion (Acts 9 1-31, 22 6-21, and 26 9-23) with Paul s own statement that he remained unknown to Christians in Judea after that event (Galatians 1 17-24).)[8] He admired Paul, but his theology was significantly different from Paul s on key points and he does not (in Acts) represent Paul s views accurately.[9] He was educated, a man of means, probably urban, and someone who respected manual work, although not a worker himself; this is significant, because more high-brow writers of the time looked down on the artisans and small business-people who made up the early church of Paul and were presumably Luke s audience.[10] The earliest possible date for the composition of Acts is set by the events with which it ends, Paul s imprisonment in Rome c.63 CE, but an early date is now rarely put forward.[11][12] The last possible date would be set by its first definite citation by another author, but there is no unanimity on this–some scholars find echoes of Acts in a work from c.95 CE called I Clement, while others see no indisputable citation until the middle of the 2nd century.[11] If Acts uses Josephus as a source, as has been proposed, then it must have been composed after 93 CE; it does not show any knowledge of Paul s letters, a fact which also supports a late date; and the social situation it reflects is one in which the faithful need "shepherds" to protect them from heretical (possibly Marcionite) "wolves", which again reflects a late date.[11] Most experts therefore date it to around 80-90 CE, although some suggest 90-110, [2] and there is evidence that it was still being substantially revised well into the 2nd century.[13] Genre, sources and historicity of Acts[edit] Luke (or more accurately the anonymous author of Luke-Acts) describes his work, Luke-Acts, as a "narrative" (diegesis). Acts, the second part, is widely thought of as a history, but it lacks exact analogies in Hellenistic or Jewish literature.[14] The title "Acts of the Apostles" (Praxeis Apostolon) would seem to identify it with the genre telling of the deeds and achievements of great men (praxeis), but it was not the title given by the author.[4] Luke seems to have taken as his model the works of two respected Classical authors, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, who wrote a well-known history of Rome, and the Jewish historian Josephus, author of a history of the Jews.[15] Like them he anchors his history by dating the birth of the founder (Romulus for Dionysius, Moses for Josephus, Jesus for Luke) and like them he tells how the founder is born from God, taught authoritatively, and appeared to witnesses after death before ascending to heaven.[15] By and large the sources for Acts can only be guessed at,[16] but Luke would have had access to the Septuagint (a Greek translation of the Jewish scriptures), the gospel of Mark and the collection of "sayings of Jesus" called the Q source.[17] He transposed a few incidents from Mark s gospel to the time of the Apostles – for example, the material about "clean" and "unclean" foods in Mark 7 is used in Acts 10, and Mark s account of the accusation that Jesus has attacked the Temple (Mark 14 58) is used in a story about Stephen (Acts 6 14).)[18] There are also points of contacts (meaning suggestive parallels but something less than clear evidence) with 1 Peter, the Letter to the Hebrews, and 1 Clement.[19] Other sources can only be inferred from internal evidence – the traditional explanation of the three "we" passages, for example, is that they represent eye-witness accounts.[20] The search for such inferred sources was popular in the 19th century, but by the mid-20th it had largely been abandoned.[21] Acts was read as a reliable history of the early church well into the post-Reformation era. By the 17th century, however, biblical scholars began to notice that it was incomplete and tendentious – its picture of a harmonious church is quite at odds with that given by Paul s letters, and it omits important events such as the deaths of both Peter and Paul. The mid-19th century scholar Ferdinand Baur suggested that Luke had re-written history to present a united Peter and Paul and advance a single orthodoxy against the Marcionites. (Marcion was a 2nd-century heretic who wished to cut Christianity off entirely from the Jews). Baur continues to have enormous influence, but today there is less interest in determining Luke s historical accuracy (although this has never died out) than in understanding his theological program.[22] Audience and authorial intent[edit] Luke was written to be read aloud to a group of Jesus-followers gathered in a house to share the Lord s supper.[15] The author assumes an educated Greek-speaking audience, but directs his attention to specifically Christian concerns rather than to the Greco-Roman world at large.[23] He begins his gospel with a preface addressed to Theophilus, informing him of his intention to provide an "ordered account" of events which will lead his reader to "certainty".[10] He did not write in order to provide Theophilus with historical justification – "did it happen?" – but to encourage faith – "what happened, and what does it all mean?"[24] Acts (or Luke-Acts) is intended as a work of "edification."[25] Edification means "the empirical demonstration that virtue is superior to vice,"[26] but is not all of Luke s purpose. He also engages with the question of a Christian s proper relationship with the Roman Empire, the civil power of the day could a Christian obey God and also Caesar? The answer is ambiguous.[27] The Romans never move against Jesus or his followers unless provoked by the Jews, in the trial scenes the Christian missionaries are always cleared of charges of violating Roman laws, and Acts ends with Paul in Rome proclaiming the Christian message under Roman protection; at the same time, Luke makes clear that the Romans, like all earthly rulers, receive their authority from Satan, while Christ is ruler of the kingdom of God. [28] Luke-Acts can be also seen as a defense of (or "apology" for) the Jesus movement addressed to the Jews the bulk of the speeches and sermons in Acts are addressed to Jewish audiences, with the Romans featuring as external arbiters on disputes concerning Jewish customs and law.[27] On the one hand Luke portrays the Christians as a sect of the Jews, and therefore entitled to legal protection as a recognised religion; on the other, Luke seems unclear as to the future God intends for Jews and Christians, celebrating the Jewishness of Jesus and his immediate followers while also stressing how the Jews had rejected God s promised Messiah.[29] Manuscripts[edit] There are two major textual variants of Luke-Acts, the Western text-type and the Alexandrian. The oldest complete Alexandrian manuscripts date from the 4th century and the oldest Western ones from the 6th, with fragments and citations going back to the 3rd. Western texts of Acts are 10% longer than Alexandrian texts, the additions tending to enhance the Jewish rejection of the Messiah and the role of the Holy Spirit, in ways that are stylistically different from the rest of Acts.[30] These conflicts suggest that Luke-Acts was still being substantially revised well into the 2nd century.[13] The majority of scholars prefer the Alexandrian (shorter) text-type over the Western as the more authentic, but this same argument would favour the Western over the Alexandrian for the gospel of Luke, as in that case the Western version is the shorter. The debate therefore continues.[30] Structure and content[edit] Acts 1 1-2a from the 14th century Minuscule 223 Structure[edit] Acts has two key structural principles. The first is the geographic movement from Jerusalem, centre of God s Covenantal people the Jews, to Rome, centre of the Gentile world. This structure reaches back to the author s preceding work, the Gospel of Luke, and is signaled by parallel scenes such as Paul s utterance in Acts 19 21, which echoes Jesus words 9 51 (Paul has Rome as his destination, as Jesus had Jerusalem). The second key element is the roles of Peter and Paul, the first representing the Jewish Christian church, the second the mission to the Gentiles.[31] Transition reprise of the preface addressed to Theophilus and the closing events of the gospel (Acts 1-1 26) Petrine Christianity the Jewish church from Jerusalem to Antioch (Acts 2 1-12 25) 2 1-8 1 - beginnings in Jerusalem 8 2-40 - the church expands to Samaria and beyond 9 1-31 - conversion of Paul 9 32-12 25 - the conversion of Cornelius, and the formation of the Antioch church Pauline Christianity the Gentile mission from Antioch to Rome (Acts 13 1-28 21) 13 1-14 28 - the Gentile mission is promoted from Antioch 15 1-35 - the Gentile mission is confirmed in Jerusalem 15 36-28 31 - the Gentile mission, climaxing in Paul s passion story in Rome (21 17-28 31) Outline[edit] Dedication to Theophilus (1 1–2) Resurrection appearances (1 3) Great Commission (1 4–8) Ascension (1 9) Second Coming Prophecy (1 10–11) Matthias replaced Judas (1 12–26) the Upper Room (1 13) Holy Spirit came at Pentecost (2), see also Paraclete Peter healed a crippled beggar (3 1–10) Peter s speech at the Temple (3 11–26) Peter and John before the Sanhedrin (4 1–22) Resurrection of the dead (4 2) Believers Prayer (4 23–31) Everything is shared (4 32–37) Ananias and Sapphira (5 1–11) Signs and Wonders (5 12–16) Apostles before the Sanhedrin (5 17–42) Seven Greeks appointed (6 1–7) Saint Stephen before the Sanhedrin (6 8–7 60) The "Cave of the Patriarchs" was located in Shechem (7 16) "Moses was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians" (7 22) First mentioning of Saul (Paul the Apostle) in the Bible (7 58) Paul the Apostle confesses his part in the martyrdom of Stephen (7 58-60) Saul persecuted the Church of Jerusalem (8 1–3) Philip the Evangelist (8 4–40) Simon Magus (8 9–24) Ethiopian eunuch (8 26–39) Conversion of Paul the Apostle (9 1–31, 22 1–22, 26 9–24) Paul the Apostle confesses his active part in the martyrdom of Stephen (22 20) Peter healed Aeneas and raised Tabitha from the dead (9 32–43) Conversion of Cornelius (10 1–8, 24–48) Peter s vision of a sheet with animals (10 9–23, 11 1–18) Church of Antioch founded (11 19–30) term "Christian" first used (11 26) Saint James the Great executed (12 1–2) Peter s rescue from prison (12 3–19) Death of Herod Agrippa I [in 44] (12 20–25) "the voice of a god" (12 22) Mission of Barnabas and Saul (13–14) "Saul, who was also known as Paul" (13 9) called "gods ... in human form" (14 11) Council of Jerusalem (15 1–35) Paul separated from Barnabas (15 36–41) 2nd and 3rd missions (16–20) Areopagus sermon (17 16-34) "God...has set a day" (17 30–31) Trial before Gallio c. 51–52 (18 12–17) Trip to Jerusalem (21) Before the people and the Sanhedrin (22–23) Before Felix–Festus–Agrippa II (24–26) Trip to Rome (27–28) called a god on Malta (28 6) Content[edit] See also Early Christianity and Jewish Christians The Gospel of Luke began with a prologue addressed to Theophilus; Acts likewise opens with an address to Theophilus and refers to "my earlier book", almost certainly the gospel. The apostles and other followers of Jesus meet and elect Matthias to replace Judas as a member of The Twelve. On Pentecost, the Holy Spirit descends and confers God s power on them, and Peter, along with John, preaches to many in Jerusalem, and performs Christ-like healings, casting out of evil spirits, and raising of the dead. At first many Jews follow Christ and are baptized, but the Christians begin to be increasingly persecuted by the Jews. Stephen is arrested for blasphemy, and after a trial, is found guilty and stoned by the Jews. Stephen s death marks a major turning point the Jews have rejected the message, and henceforth it will be taken to the Gentiles.[32] The message is taken to the Samaritans, a people rejected by Jews, and to the Gentiles. Saul of Tarsus, one of the Jews who persecuted the Christians, is converted by a vision to become a follower of Christ (an event which Luke regards as so important that he relates it three times). Peter, directed by a series of visions, preaches to Cornelius the Centurion, a Gentile God-fearer, who becomes a follower of Christ. The Holy Spirit descends on Peter and Cornelius, thus confirming that the message of eternal life in Christ is for all mankind. The Gentile church is established in Antioch (north-western Syria, the third-largest city of the empire), and here Christ s followers are first called Christians.[33] The mission to the Gentiles is promoted from Antioch and confirmed at meeting in Jerusalem between Paul and the leadership of the Jerusalem church. Paul spends the next few years traveling through western Asia Minor and the Aegean,preaching, converting Gentiles, and founding new churches. On a visit to Jerusalem he is set on by a Jewish mob. Saved by the Roman commander, he is accused by the Jews of being a revolutionary, the "ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes", and imprisoned. Paul asserts his right as a Roman citizen, to be tried in Rome and is sent by sea to Rome, where he spends another two years under house arrest, proclaiming the Kingdom of God and teaching the "Lord Jesus Christ". Acts ends abruptly without recording the outcome of Paul s legal troubles.[citation needed] Theology[edit] Paul s conversion, from Livre d Heures d Étienne Chevalier (c. 1450–1460), Jean Fouquet, in the Château de Chantilly. Prior to the 1950s Luke-Acts was seen as a historical work, written to defend Christianity before the Romans or Paul against his detractors; since then, however, the tendency has been to see the work as primarily theological.[34] Luke s theology is expressed primarily through his overarching plot, the way scenes, themes and characters combine to construct his specific worldview.[35] His "salvation history" stretches from the Creation to the present time of his readers, in three ages first, the time of "the Law and the Prophets" (Luke 16 16), the period beginning with Genesis and ending with the appearance of John the Baptist (Luke 1 5-3 1); second, the epoch of Jesus, in which the Kingdom of God was preached (Luke 3 2-24 51); and finally the period of the Church, which began when the risen Christ was taken into Heaven, and would end with his second coming.[36] Luke-Acts is an attempt to answer a theological problem, namely how the Messiah promised to the Jews came to have an overwhelmingly non-Jewish church; the answer it provides, and its central theme, is that the message of Christ was sent to the Gentiles because the Jews rejected it.[1] This theme is introduced at the opening of the gospel of Luke, when Jesus, rejected in Nazareth, recalls that the prophets were rejected by Israel and accepted by Gentiles; at the end of the gospel he commands his disciples to preach his message to all nations, "beginning from Jerusalem." He repeats the command in Acts, telling them to preach "in Jerusalem, in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the Earth." They then proceed to do so, in the order outlined first Jerusalem, then Judea, then Samaria, then the entire (Roman) world.[37] For Luke, the Holy Spirit is the driving force behind the spread of the Christian message, and he places more emphasis on it than do any of the other evangelists. The Spirit is "poured out" at Pentecost, on the first Samaritan and Gentile believers, and on disciples who had been baptised only by John the Baptist, each time as a sign of God s approval. The Holy Spirit represents God s power (At his ascension, Jesus tells his followers, "You shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you") through it the disciples are given speech to convert thousands in Jerusalem, forming the first church (the term is used for the first time in Acts 5).[38] Comparison with other writings[edit] Saint Paul Writing His Epistles, ascribed to Valentin de Boulogne, 17th century Gospel of Luke[edit] As the second part of the two-part work Luke-Acts, Acts has significant links to the gospel of Luke. Major turning points in the structure of Acts, for example, find parallels in Luke the presentation of the child Jesus in the Temple parallels the opening of Acts in the Temple, Jesus forty days of testing in the wilderness prior to his mission parallel the forty days prior to his Ascension in Acts, the mission of Jesus in Samaria and the Decapolis (the lands of the Samaritans and Gentiles) parallels the missions of the Apostles in Samaria and the Gentile lands, and so on (see Gospel of Luke). These parallels continue through both books.[39] There are also differences between Luke and Acts, amounting at times to outright contradiction. For example, the gospel seems to place the Ascension on Easter Sunday, immediately after the Resurrection, while Acts 1 puts it forty days later.[40] There are similar conflicts over the theology. While not seriously questioning the single authorship of Luke-Acts, these differences do suggest the need for caution in seeking too much consistency in books written in essence as popular literature.[41] Pauline epistles[edit] Acts agrees with Paul s letters on the major outline of Paul s career as Saul he is converted and becomes Paul the Christian missionary and apostle, establishing new churches in Asia Minor and the Aegean and struggling to free Gentile Christians from the Jewish Law. There are also agreements on many incidents, such as Paul s escape from Damascus, where he is lowered down the walls in a basket. But details of these same incidents are frequently contradictory for example, according to Paul it was a pagan king who was trying to arrest him in Damascus, but according to Luke it was, characteristically, the Jews (2 Corinthians 11 33 and Acts 9 24). Many of the disagreements are not so immediately obvious Acts speaks of "Christians" and "disciples", but Paul never uses either term, and there are striking differences in the accounts of Paul s relationship with the Jerusalem church and its leaders (Acts 9-15 vs. Galatians 1-2). Acts omits much from the letters, notably Paul s problems with his congregations (internal difficulties are said to be the fault of the Jews instead), and his apparent final rejection by the church leaders in Jerusalem (Acts has Paul and Barnabas deliver an offering that is accepted, a trip that has no mention in the letters). There are also major differences between Acts on Paul on Christology (the understanding of Christ s nature), eschatology (understanding of the "last things"), and apostleship.[42] See also[edit] Historical reliability of the Acts of the Apostles List of Gospels List of omitted Bible verses Textual variants in the Acts of the Apostles Acts of the Apostles (genre) Acts of Andrew Acts of Barnabas Acts of John Acts of the Martyrs Acts of Paul Acts of Paul and Thecla Acts of Peter Acts of Peter and Paul Acts of Peter and the Twelve Acts of Pilate Acts of Philip Acts of Thomas Acts of Timothy The Lost Chapter of the Acts of the Apostles References[edit] ^ Jump up to a b c Burkett 2002, p. 263. ^ Jump up to a b Charlesworth 2008, p. no page number. ^ Jump up to a b Burkett 2002, p. 195. ^ Jump up to a b Matthews 2011, p. 12. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 556. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 196. Jump up ^ Theissen Merz 1998, p. 32. Jump up ^ Perkins 1998, p. 253. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 590. ^ Jump up to a b Green 1997, p. 35. ^ Jump up to a b c Boring 2012, p. 587. Jump up ^ Theissen Merz 1996 [tr. 1998], p. 32. ^ Jump up to a b Perkins 2009, p. 250-253. Jump up ^ Aune 1988, p. 77. ^ Jump up to a b c Balch 2003, p. 1104. Jump up ^ Bruce 1990, p. 40. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 577. Jump up ^ Witherington 1998, p. 8. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 578. Jump up ^ Bruce 1990, p. 40-41. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 579. Jump up ^ Holladay 2011, p. no page numbers. Jump up ^ Green 1995, p. 16-17. Jump up ^ Green 1997, p. 36. Jump up ^ Fitzmyer 1998, p. 55-65. Jump up ^ Aune 1988, p. 80. ^ Jump up to a b Pickett 2011, p. 6-7. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 562. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 563. ^ Jump up to a b Thompson 2010, p. 332. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 569-570. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 265. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 266. Jump up ^ Buckwalter 1996, p. 6. Jump up ^ Allen 2009, p. 326. Jump up ^ Evans 2011, p. no page numbers. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 264. Jump up ^ Burkett 2002, p. 268-270. Jump up ^ Tremmel 2011, p. 59. Jump up ^ Zwiep 2010, p. 39. Jump up ^ Parsons 1993, p. 17-18. Jump up ^ Boring 2012, p. 581, 588-590.
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West of Dead 項目数：22 総ポイント：1000 難易度： Welcome to Purgatory Completed the Crypt 10 Survived the Mountains Completed the Hunt 10 Miner Completed the Mines 10 Navigated the Marsh Completed the Bayou 10 Canyoning Completed the Canyon 10 Harvest Completed the Farm 10 A new sheriff in town Completed the Town 10 Undertaker Completed the Graveyard 10 Altar Boy Completed the Church 10 Runemaster (I) Found the first rune 10 Runemaster (II) Found the second rune 10 Runemaster (III) Found the third rune 20 Good Soul (I) Helped first lost soul 10 Good Soul (II) Helped 5 lost souls 70 Good Soul (III) Helped 20 lost souls 160 Justice Begins Defeated first Outlaw 10 Bounty Hunter Defeated 5 Outlaws 70 Lawman Defeated 20 Outlaws 160 秘密の実績 Met your Match (I) Defeated the Preacher (I) 30 Met your Match (II) Defeated the Preacher (II) 60 End of Injustice Defeated Injustice (Preacher III) 100 The Banisher Banished Injustice 200